Kronick D A
Briscoe Library, University of Texas, Health Science Center, San Antonio 78284.
JAMA. 1990 Mar 9;263(10):1321-2.
Although the beginnings of "peer review" are frequently associated with the Royal Society of London when it took over official responsibility for the Philosophical Transactions in 1752, antecedents of peer review practices go back to the 17th century. Despite the differences in the academic, social, intellectual, and economic environments of the 18th century and today, we can find interesting and instructive similarities in the way early editors defined and exercised their prerogatives and responsibilities. These concerns extend to ideas and practices that are closely related to what we call peer review or refereeing today.
虽然“同行评审”的起源常常与1752年接管《哲学汇刊》官方职责的伦敦皇家学会联系在一起，但同行评审实践的前身可以追溯到17世纪。尽管18世纪和当今的学术、社会、知识和经济环境存在差异，但我们可以在早期编辑定义和行使其特权与职责的方式中发现有趣且有启发性的相似之处。这些关注点延伸到了与我们如今所称的同行评审或审稿密切相关的理念和实践。
