Hu Shen, Wang Xiao-Chun, Yang Jin-Yan
Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2013 Jun;24(6):1536-44.
By using dendro-environmental methods, this paper measured and analyzed the variations of five heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Zn, Cu, and Mn) concentrations in the tree rings of Larix gmelinii near Xilin Lead-zinc Mine, Yichun of Northeast China. Among the test heavy metals, the Mn concentration in the tree rings was the highest, while the Cd concentration was the lowest. The Cd, Zn, and Cu concentrations in the tree rings near the ground (0.3 m high from the ground, D0.3) were significantly higher than those at breast height (1.3 m high from the ground, D1.3), while the Pb and Mn concentrations at the two heights had less difference. In 1987-2010, the Pb concentration in the tree rings had a slight increase, but the Cd, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations presented a decreasing trend. The Cd concentration decreased most obviously, while the Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations decreased after an initial increase. With the increase of tree ring width, the Pb concentration decreased, while the Cd, Zn, Cu, and Mn concentrations were in adverse. The relationships between the Pb and other four heavy metals concentrations in the tree rings near the ground and at breast height had definite differences. Near the ground, the Pb concentration showed a significant positive correlation with the other four heavy metals concentrations, but at breast height, less correlation was observed, and even, the Cd concentration decreased significantly with increasing Pb concentration. The variations of the heavy metals concentrations in the L. gmelinii tree rings could be affected by the production and mining activities of Xilin Lead-zinc Mine, an thus, it would be possible to use the Pb concentration in the tree rings to reconstruct the mining his tory of the study area. At present, the Pb concentration in the tailing wastes has polluted the surrounding environments near Xilin Lead-zinc Mine. Therefore, countermeasures should be adopted to manage the heavy metals in tailing wastes if the Mine would be continued to be mined.
本文采用树木年轮-环境学方法，对中国东北伊春市西林铅锌矿附近的兴安落叶松年轮中5种重金属（铅、镉、锌、铜和锰）浓度的变化进行了测定与分析。在所测试的重金属中，年轮中的锰浓度最高，而镉浓度最低。靠近地面（距地面0.3米高，D0.3）的年轮中镉、锌和铜的浓度显著高于胸高处（距地面1.3米高，D1.3），而铅和锰在这两个高度的浓度差异较小。1987 - 2010年期间，年轮中的铅浓度略有增加，但镉、锌、铜和锰的浓度呈下降趋势。镉浓度下降最为明显，而锌、铜和锰的浓度在经历初期上升后下降。随着年轮宽度的增加，铅浓度下降，而镉、锌、铜和锰的浓度则相反。地面附近和胸高处的年轮中铅与其他四种重金属浓度之间的关系存在一定差异。在地面附近，铅浓度与其他四种重金属浓度呈显著正相关，但在胸高处，相关性较弱，甚至镉浓度随铅浓度的增加而显著下降。兴安落叶松年轮中重金属浓度的变化可能受到西林铅锌矿生产和采矿活动的影响，因此，有可能利用年轮中的铅浓度来重建研究区域的采矿历史。目前，尾矿废弃物中的铅浓度已对西林铅锌矿附近的周边环境造成污染。因此，如果该矿继续开采，应采取对策管理尾矿废弃物中的重金属。
