Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands ; Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam , Amsterdam , Netherlands.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Sep 24;7:600. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00600. eCollection 2013.
Growth restriction in utero during a period that is critical for normal growth of the brain, has previously been associated with deviations in cognitive abilities and brain anatomical and functional changes. We measured magnetoencephalography (MEG) in 4- to 7-year-old children to test if children born small for gestational age (SGA) show deviations in resting-state brain oscillatory activity. Children born SGA with postnatally spontaneous catch-up growth [SGA+; six boys, seven girls; mean age 6.3 year (SD = 0.9)] and children born appropriate for gestational age [AGA; seven boys, three girls; mean age 6.0 year (SD = 1.2)] participated in a resting-state MEG study. We calculated absolute and relative power spectra and used non-parametric statistics to test for group differences. SGA+ and AGA born children showed no significant differences in absolute and relative power except for reduced absolute gamma band power in SGA children. At the time of MEG investigation, SGA+ children showed significantly lower head circumference (HC) and a trend toward lower IQ, however there was no association of HC or IQ with absolute or relative power. Except for reduced absolute gamma band power, our findings suggest normal brain activity patterns at school age in a group of children born SGA in which spontaneous catch-up growth of bodily length after birth occurred. Although previous findings suggest that being born SGA alters brain oscillatory activity early in neonatal life, we show that these neonatal alterations do not persist at early school age when spontaneous postnatal catch-up growth occurs after birth.
宫内生长受限发生在大脑正常生长的关键时期，先前与认知能力偏差以及大脑解剖和功能变化有关。我们通过测量静息状态脑磁图（MEG），来检测出生时小于胎龄（SGA）的儿童是否存在静息状态脑振荡活动的偏差。本研究纳入了具有自发性追赶生长的 SGA 儿童（SGA+；6 名男孩，7 名女孩；平均年龄 6.3 岁（SD=0.9））和适于胎龄（AGA）的儿童（AGA；7 名男孩，3 名女孩；平均年龄 6.0 岁（SD=1.2））。我们计算了绝对和相对功率谱，并使用非参数统计来检验组间差异。SGA+和 AGA 出生的儿童在绝对和相对功率方面没有显著差异，但 SGA 儿童的绝对伽马波段功率降低。在 MEG 检查时，SGA+儿童的头围（HC）明显较小，智商（IQ）也有下降的趋势，但 HC 或 IQ 与绝对或相对功率均无相关性。除了绝对伽马波段功率降低之外，我们的研究结果表明，在一组出生 SGA 且出生后身体长度自发追赶生长的儿童中，其在学龄期具有正常的脑活动模式。虽然先前的研究表明，SGA 出生会改变新生儿生命早期的脑振荡活动，但我们发现，当出生后自发发生追赶生长时，这些新生儿的改变不会持续到早期学龄期。
