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本文引用的文献

1
Madrid hospitals and welfare in the context of the Hapsburg Empire.哈布斯堡帝国背景下的马德里医院与福利
Med Hist Suppl. 2009(29):64-85.

殖民地安第斯地区的印度医院与政府。

Indian hospitals and government in the colonial Andes.

作者信息

Ramos Gabriela

机构信息

Newnham College, Cambridge CB3 9DF, UK.

出版信息

Med Hist. 2013 Apr;57(2):186-205. doi: 10.1017/mdh.2012.102.

DOI:10.1017/mdh.2012.102
PMID:24070345
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3867836/
Abstract

This article examines the reception of the early modern hospital among the indigenous people of the Andes under Spanish colonial rule. During the period covered by this study (sixteenth to mid-eighteenth centuries), the hospital was conceived primarily as a manifestation of the sovereign’s paternalistic concern for his subjects’ spiritual well being. Hospitals in the Spanish American colonies were organised along racial lines, and those catering to Indians were meant to complement the missionary endeavour. Besides establishing hospitals in the main urban centres, Spanish colonial legislation instituted hospitals for Indians in provincial towns and in small rural jurisdictions throughout the Peruvian viceroyalty. Indian hospitals often met with the suspicion and even hostility of their supposed beneficiaries, especially indigenous rulers. By conceptualising the Indian hospital as a tool of colonial government, this article investigates the reasons behind its negative reception, the work of adaptation that allowed a few of them to thrive, and the eventual failure of most of these institutions.

摘要

本文考察了西班牙殖民统治下安第斯地区原住民对近代早期医院的接受情况。在本研究涵盖的时期(16世纪至18世纪中叶),医院主要被视为君主家长式地关心其臣民精神福祉的一种体现。西班牙美洲殖民地的医院是按照种族划分来组织的,而那些为印第安人服务的医院旨在辅助传教工作。除了在主要城市中心建立医院外,西班牙殖民立法还在秘鲁总督辖区的 provincial towns 和小乡村辖区为印第安人设立了医院。印第安医院常常遭到其所谓受益者的怀疑甚至敌意,尤其是本土统治者。通过将印第安医院概念化为殖民政府的一种工具,本文探究了其受到负面对待的背后原因、使其中一些医院得以繁荣的适应过程,以及这些机构中大多数最终失败的原因。