Saunders Blair, Jentzsch Ines
a School of Psychology & Neuroscience , University of St Andrews , St Andrews , UK.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2014 May;67(5):884-98. doi: 10.1080/17470218.2013.836235. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
The current research investigated differences in reactive and proactive cognitive control as a function of depressive symptomatology. Three participant groups with varying symptom levels (Beck Depression Inventory-II, BDI-II score) completed both the classic and an emotional-face Stroop task separately under speed and accuracy instructions. All groups made equivalent speed-accuracy trade-offs independent of task, suggesting that proactive adjustments are unaffected by depressive symptoms. Additionally, groups made equivalent reactive control adjustments (Stroop effects, congruency sequence effects) in the classic Stroop task, suggesting that these reactive control adjustments are spared across a wide range of BDI-II scorers. In contrast, the high BDI-II group displayed a selective impairment in the resolution of conflict in the emotional-face Stroop task. Thus, while proactive control and many aspects of reactive control were unaffected by the level of depressive symptoms, specific impairments occurred when current task demands required the trial-to-trial regulation of emotional processing.
当前的研究调查了作为抑郁症状学函数的反应性和主动性认知控制的差异。三个具有不同症状水平（贝克抑郁量表第二版，BDI-II得分）的参与者组分别在速度和准确性指导下完成了经典的和情绪面孔Stroop任务。所有组在与任务无关的情况下做出了等效的速度-准确性权衡，这表明主动性调整不受抑郁症状的影响。此外，在经典Stroop任务中，各组做出了等效的反应性控制调整（Stroop效应、一致性序列效应），这表明这些反应性控制调整在广泛的BDI-II得分者中得以保留。相比之下，高BDI-II组在情绪面孔Stroop任务的冲突解决中表现出选择性损伤。因此，虽然主动性控制和反应性控制的许多方面不受抑郁症状水平的影响，但当当前任务需求需要逐次试验调节情绪加工时，会出现特定的损伤。
