Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2013 Oct 23;5(20):10376-80. doi: 10.1021/am403521h. Epub 2013 Oct 10.
We report a template-induced preferential electrodeposition method for tailoring hexagonally packed metal hollow-nanocones and taper-nanotubes. After sputtering a layer of Au film, anodized aluminum foils with controllable periods and depths of taper-nanopore templates can be directly used as cathodes. Nanonipples on the top-layer of alumina taper-nanopores can cause the "tip effect" during electrodeposition, which makes the metal deposition rate far rapider at the surface of templates than that at the lateral walls and the bottom of nanopores. Accordingly, the pore opening of the template can be rapidly closed while their interior is still hollow. Based on this principle, ordered arrayed of hollow-nanocones with controllable periods (e.g., 100, 200, and 300 nm) and material composition (e.g., Ni, Fe, and Cu) can be realized in a simple, inexpensive, and accessible way. Besides, hexagonally packed metal taper-nanotubes can also be obtained by skillfully making use of the combination of both the "tip effect" and "self-masking" effect of relatively deeper (e.g., 576 nm) taper-nanopores during Au sputtering. Our work opens a door for studying the physical and chemical properties of hexagonally packed hollow-nanocones and tapered-nanotubes made of various metal materials.
我们报告了一种模板诱导的优先电沉积方法，用于定制六方密排金属空心纳米锥和锥形纳米管。在溅射一层 Au 膜后，具有可控周期和深度的锥形纳米孔模板的阳极氧化铝箔可以直接用作阴极。氧化铝锥形纳米孔顶层上的纳米波纹在电沉积过程中会引起“尖端效应”，使得金属在模板表面的沉积速率远快于纳米孔的侧壁和底部。因此，在模板的孔开口处可以迅速关闭，而其内部仍然是空心的。基于这一原理，可以以简单、经济和可及的方式实现具有可控周期（例如 100、200 和 300nm）和材料组成（例如 Ni、Fe 和 Cu）的有序排列的空心纳米锥。此外，通过巧妙地利用 Au 溅射过程中相对较深（例如 576nm）锥形纳米孔的“尖端效应”和“自掩蔽效应”，也可以获得六方密排金属锥形纳米管。我们的工作为研究由各种金属材料制成的六方密排空心纳米锥和锥形纳米管的物理和化学性质开辟了一条道路。
