Service de Néphrologie Transplantation Dialyse, Centre Hospitalier, Universitaire de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
J Ren Nutr. 2013 Nov;23(6):399-405. doi: 10.1053/j.jrn.2013.08.004. Epub 2013 Sep 23.
Vegetarian diet is a very old practice that is liable to confer some health benefits. Recent studies have demonstrated that modification of the dietary pattern with a reduction of animal protein intake and increased consumption of plant-based foods could influence cardiovascular risk profile and mortality rate. Moreover, phosphate bioavailability from plant proteins is reduced. These statements could lead to some benefits for chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. This review summarizes the characteristics and benefits of vegetarian diets in the general population and the potential beneficial effects of such a diet on phosphate balance, insulin sensitivity, and the control of metabolic acidosis in CKD patients. Potential drawbacks exist when a vegetarian diet is associated with protein intake that is too restrictive and/or insufficient energy intake, justifying an early and regular nutritional follow-up jointly assumed by a nephrologist and a renal dietitian.
素食饮食是一种非常古老的做法，可能会带来一些健康益处。最近的研究表明，通过减少动物蛋白摄入和增加植物性食物的消费来改变饮食模式，可以影响心血管风险状况和死亡率。此外，植物蛋白中的磷酸盐生物利用度降低。这些说法可能会给慢性肾脏病 (CKD) 患者带来一些益处。本文综述了素食在普通人群中的特点和益处，以及这种饮食对 CKD 患者磷酸盐平衡、胰岛素敏感性和代谢性酸中毒控制的潜在有益影响。当素食与摄入的蛋白质过于限制和/或能量摄入不足相关时，存在潜在的缺点，这需要由肾脏病医生和肾脏营养师共同进行早期和定期的营养随访。
