Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Domagkstraße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2013 Oct;11(10):1041-51. doi: 10.1586/14787210.2013.827891. Epub 2013 Sep 27.
Only recently necrotizing pneumonia was defined as a specific disease entity that is caused by a Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing Staphylococcus aureus strain and is frequently preceded by an influenza infection. Necrotizing pneumonia is characterized by a sudden onset and rapid worsening of symptoms, leukopenia, airway hemorrhages, severe respiratory failure and a high mortality rate. Despite clear epidemiological data, the function of PVL in necrotizing pneumonia has been controversially discussed due to conflicting results from different disease models. Furthermore, there are many proposed mechanisms how a viral infection could facilitate and interact with a bacterial superinfection. In this review, we summarize current data from 43 clinical cases and results from various infection models on necrotizing pneumonia. We discuss the contribution of S. aureus PVL and a preceding influenza infection and present a concept of the pathogenesis of necrotizing pneumonia.
直到最近，坏疽性肺炎才被定义为一种特定的疾病实体，由产 Panton-Valentine 白细胞素（PVL）的金黄色葡萄球菌株引起，常继发于流感感染。坏疽性肺炎的特点是突然发作和症状迅速恶化、白细胞减少、气道出血、严重呼吸衰竭和高死亡率。尽管有明确的流行病学数据，但由于不同疾病模型的结果相互矛盾，PVL 在坏疽性肺炎中的作用仍存在争议。此外，有许多关于病毒感染如何促进和与细菌继发感染相互作用的假说。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 43 例临床病例和各种感染模型的结果，讨论了金黄色葡萄球菌 PVL 和先前的流感感染的作用，并提出了坏疽性肺炎发病机制的概念。
