Tombor Ildiko, Shahab Lion, Brown Jamie, West Robert
Cancer Research UK Health Behaviour Research Centre, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2013 Dec 1;133(2):740-5. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Sep 10.
It has been proposed that positive smoker identity may be an important factor undermining smoking cessation but very little research exists on this. This study tested the hypothesis that a simple measure of positive smoker identity would predict quit attempts over and above other known predictors in a population sample. More tentatively it explored whether this measure would also predict quit success.
A representative sample of adult smokers in England (n=9456) was included at baseline and 2099 were followed-up at six months. Demographic and smoking characteristics, a single item measure of positive smoker identity (endorsing the statement: 'I like being a smoker'), measures of smoking-related attitudes, quit attempts and quit success were included.
A total of 18.3% (95% CI=17.5-19.2) of smokers reported a positive smoker identity. Adjusting for all other predictors, those with a positive smoker identity were more likely to be older (p<0.001), male (p=0.013), more nicotine dependent (p<0.001), have lower motivation to stop (p<0.001), have not made a quit attempt in the past year (p=0.025), enjoy smoking (p<0.001), and consider themselves to be addicted (p<0.001). Having a positive smoker identity independently predicted failure to make a quit attempt at six months (p=0.007). The independent association with quit success was similar in magnitude but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.053).
Only a minority of smokers in England have a positive smoker identity. However, where it is present it may be an important barrier to quitting smoking and merits further study.
有人提出积极的吸烟者身份认同可能是阻碍戒烟的一个重要因素，但对此的研究非常少。本研究检验了这样一个假设：在总体样本中，一个简单的积极吸烟者身份认同指标能够在其他已知预测因素之外预测戒烟尝试。更具探索性地，本研究还探讨了该指标是否也能预测戒烟成功。
纳入了英格兰成年吸烟者的代表性样本（n = 9456）作为基线，其中2099人在6个月时接受随访。纳入了人口统计学和吸烟特征、一个关于积极吸烟者身份认同的单项指标（认可“我喜欢做一名吸烟者”这一陈述）、与吸烟相关的态度指标、戒烟尝试和戒烟成功情况。
共有18.3%（95%置信区间 = 17.5 - 19.2）的吸烟者报告有积极的吸烟者身份认同。在对所有其他预测因素进行调整后，具有积极吸烟者身份认同的人更可能年龄较大（p < 0.001）、为男性（p = 0.013）、尼古丁依赖程度更高（p < 0.001）、戒烟动机更低（p < 0.001）、在过去一年未尝试戒烟（p = 0.025）、喜欢吸烟（p < 0.001）且认为自己成瘾（p < 0.001）。具有积极吸烟者身份认同独立预测了6个月时未能尝试戒烟（p = 0.007）。与戒烟成功的独立关联程度相似，但未达到统计学显著性（p = 0.053）。
在英格兰，只有少数吸烟者具有积极的吸烟者身份认同。然而，一旦存在这种情况，它可能是戒烟的一个重要障碍，值得进一步研究。
