University of South Florida, College of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Cancer Control. 2013 Oct;20(4):248-54. doi: 10.1177/107327481302000402.
The incidence of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer continues to increase. To detect lesions at an earlier phase in their progression, skin cancer screening programs have been advocated by some. However, the effectiveness of skin cancer screening and the ideal population that these screenings should target have yet to be firmly established. This study details the relationship of a group of well-known risk factors with presumptive diagnoses in a large series of individuals self-referred for free skin cancer screening.
Data obtained during 2007 to 2010 from a descriptive cross-sectional study skin cancer screening program are presented. Participant history was recorded using standardized medical history forms prior to skin examination. Screeners conducted a skin examination varying from whole-body to limited areas (per participant preference) and recorded diagnoses. Diagnoses were assigned to the nonmelanoma cancer (NMC) or suspicious pigmented lesion group for analysis.
A presumptive diagnosis of NMC was associated with male sex, age ≥ 50 years, personal history of skin cancer, lower skin phototype, increased sunscreen use, and increased chronic sun exposure (all P values ≤ .0001). After controlling for skin phototype, increased sunscreen use was not associated with a presumptive diagnosis of NMC (P = .96). Presumptive diagnosis of a suspicious pigmented lesion was associated with a reported history of "changing mole" (P < .0001) and negatively associated with age ≥ 50 years (P < .0001) and a personal history of skin cancer (P = .0119).
Several known risk factors for nonmelanoma skin cancer correlated with a presumptive diagnosis of NMC. The yield of presumptive atypical pigmented lesions was increased in participants aged < 50 years, supporting the notion that this population may benefit from screening.
黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的发病率持续上升。为了在疾病进展的早期阶段发现病变，一些人提倡开展皮肤癌筛查计划。然而，皮肤癌筛查的有效性和这些筛查应针对的理想人群尚未得到明确确立。本研究详细介绍了一组众所周知的危险因素与大量自我推荐参加免费皮肤癌筛查的个体中的疑似诊断之间的关系。
呈现了 2007 年至 2010 年期间一项描述性横断面研究皮肤癌筛查计划的数据。在进行皮肤检查之前，使用标准化病史表格记录参与者的病史。筛查员进行了皮肤检查，范围从全身检查到局部检查（根据参与者的偏好），并记录了诊断结果。将诊断结果分配给非黑色素瘤癌症（NMC）或可疑色素病变组进行分析。
NMC 的疑似诊断与男性、年龄≥50 岁、皮肤癌个人史、较低的皮肤光型、增加防晒霜的使用以及增加慢性阳光暴露（所有 P 值≤.0001）相关。在控制皮肤光型后，增加防晒霜的使用与 NMC 的疑似诊断无关（P =.96）。疑似可疑色素病变的诊断与报告的“痣变化”史相关（P <.0001），与年龄≥50 岁（P <.0001）和皮肤癌个人史（P =.0119）呈负相关。
几种已知的非黑色素瘤皮肤癌危险因素与 NMC 的疑似诊断相关。疑似非典型色素病变的检出率在年龄<50 岁的参与者中增加，支持这一年龄段人群可能受益于筛查的观点。
