Satyal Prabodh, Paudel Prajwal, Poudel Ambika, Dosoky Noura S, Moriarity Debra M, Vogler Bernhard, Setzer William N
Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA.
Nat Prod Commun. 2013 Aug;8(8):1179-81.
Four essential oils from the leaf (P23) and rhizomes (P19, P22, P24) of Acorus calamus L., collected from various parts of Nepal, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. From a total of 61 peaks, 57 compounds were identified among the four essential oils accounting for 94.3%, 96.2%, 97.6%, and 94.1% of the oils, respectively. All of the essential oils were dominated by (Z)-asarone (78.1%-86.9%). The essential oils also contained (E)-asarone (1.9%-9.9%) and small amounts of gamma-asarone (2.0-2.3%), (Z)-methyl isoeugenol (1.5-2.0%), and linalool (0.2-4.3%). Allelopathic testing of the rhizome oil showed inhibition of seed germination of Lactuca sativa and Lolium perenne with IC50 values of 450 and 737 microg/mL, respectively. The rhizome essential oil demonstrated stronger seedling growth inhibition of L. perenne than of L. sativa, however. The rhizome oil also showed notable brine shrimp lethality (LC50 = 9.48 microg/mL), cytotoxic activity (92.2% kill on MCF-7 cells at 100 microg/mL), and antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (MIC = 19.5 microg/mL).
从尼泊尔各地采集的菖蒲叶（P23）和根茎（P19、P22、P24）中提取了四种精油，通过水蒸馏法获得，并采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪进行分析。在总共61个峰中，四种精油中共鉴定出57种化合物，分别占精油的94.3%、96.2%、97.6%和94.1%。所有精油均以（Z）-细辛脑为主（78.1%-86.9%）。精油中还含有（E）-细辛脑（1.9%-9.9%）以及少量的γ-细辛脑（2.0 - 2.3%）、（Z）-甲基异丁香酚（1.5 - 2.0%）和芳樟醇（0.2 - 4.3%）。根茎精油的化感测试表明，它对莴苣和黑麦草种子萌发有抑制作用，IC50值分别为450和737μg/mL。然而，根茎精油对黑麦草幼苗生长的抑制作用比对莴苣更强。根茎精油还表现出显著的卤虫致死性（LC50 = 9.48μg/mL）、细胞毒性活性（在100μg/mL时对MCF - 7细胞的杀伤率为92.2%）以及对黑曲霉的抗真菌活性（MIC = 19.5μg/mL）。
