Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
J Clin Lipidol. 2013 Sep-Oct;7(5):454-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2013.03.009. Epub 2013 Apr 3.
Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption is known to reduce the risk of coronary artery disease.
The purpose of this study was to investigate relationships of alcohol intake with atherogenic indices, such as the ratio of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C ratio) and the ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C ratio), in women.
Subjects (14,067 women, 20-45 years) were divided by alcohol intake into three groups of nondrinkers, occasional drinkers, and regular drinkers, and each drinker group was further divided into lower- (<22 g ethanol/drinking day) and greater- (≥ 22 g ethanol/drinking day) quantity drinkers. Atherogenic indices were compared among the alcohol groups.
Odds ratio (OR) for high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio or high TG/HDL-C ratio calculated after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking, and habitual exercise was significantly lower (P < .05) than a reference level of 1.00 in regular or occasional lower- and higher quantity drinkers vs. nondrinkers (OR for high LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, 0.28 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.18-0.44) in regular lower-quantity drinkers, 0.18 (95% CI, 0.12-0.28) in regular higher quantity drinkers, 0.71 (95% CI, 0.61-0.83) in occasional lower-quantity drinkers, and 0.53 (95% CI, 0.44-0.64) in occasional higher quantity drinkers; OR for high TG/HDL-C ratio, 0.52 (95% CI, 0.32-0.85) in regular lower-quantity drinkers, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.47-0.96) in regular higher-quantity drinkers, 0.61 (95% CI, 0.50-0.76) in occasional lower-quantity drinkers, and 0.63 (95% CI, 0.50-0.79) in occasional higher-quantity drinkers. Both LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and log-transformed TG/HDL-C ratio were significantly greater in smokers than in nonsmokers. Both in smokers and nonsmokers, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and log-transformed TG/HDL-C ratio were significantly lower in regular lower- and higher-quantity drinkers than in nondrinkers. In nonsmokers, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio and log-transformed TG/HDL-C ratio tended to be lower and greater, respectively, in regular greater-quantity drinkers than in regular lower-quantity drinkers.
In women, alcohol drinking is inversely associated with atherogenic indices irrespective of smoking status, and the inverse association of alcohol drinking with LDL-C/HDL-C ratio is stronger than that with TG/HDL-C ratio.
适量饮酒可降低冠心病的发病风险。
本研究旨在探讨饮酒与致动脉粥样硬化指数（如 LDL-C/HDL-C 比值和 TG/HDL-C 比值）的关系。
研究对象为 14067 名 20-45 岁的女性，根据饮酒量分为不饮酒者、偶尔饮酒者和经常饮酒者，每个饮酒组再根据饮酒量（<22 g 乙醇/饮酒日和≥22 g 乙醇/饮酒日）进一步分为低剂量和高剂量饮酒者。比较各组间致动脉粥样硬化指数的差异。
经年龄、体重指数、吸烟和习惯性运动校正后，LDL-C/HDL-C 比值或 TG/HDL-C 比值高的比值比（OR）明显低于 1.00（P<.05），经常或偶尔低剂量和高剂量饮酒者与不饮酒者相比（LDL-C/HDL-C 比值高，经常低剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.28（95%可信区间 [95%CI]，0.18-0.44），经常高剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.18（95%CI，0.12-0.28），偶尔低剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.71（95%CI，0.61-0.83），偶尔高剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.53（95%CI，0.44-0.64）；TG/HDL-C 比值高，经常低剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.52（95%CI，0.32-0.85），经常高剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.67（95%CI，0.47-0.96），偶尔低剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.61（95%CI，0.50-0.76），偶尔高剂量饮酒者 OR 为 0.63（95%CI，0.50-0.79）。吸烟者的 LDL-C/HDL-C 比值和 log 转化的 TG/HDL-C 比值明显高于不吸烟者。在吸烟者和不吸烟者中，与不饮酒者相比，经常低剂量和高剂量饮酒者的 LDL-C/HDL-C 比值和 log 转化的 TG/HDL-C 比值均明显降低。在不吸烟者中，与经常低剂量饮酒者相比，经常高剂量饮酒者的 LDL-C/HDL-C 比值和 log 转化的 TG/HDL-C 比值有降低和升高的趋势。
在女性中，无论吸烟状况如何，饮酒均与致动脉粥样硬化指数呈负相关，且饮酒与 LDL-C/HDL-C 比值的负相关强于与 TG/HDL-C 比值的负相关。
