在瑞典儿童保健背景下预防超重和肥胖的障碍。
Obstacles to the prevention of overweight and obesity in the context of child health care in Sweden.
机构信息
Department of Care Sciences, Malmö University, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Fam Pract. 2013 Sep 30;14:143. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-14-143.
BACKGROUND
Overweight and obesity in younger children could better be brought in focus through a deeper understanding of how Child Health Care nurses (CHC-nurses) perceive their work with the problems of overweight at the CHC Centers. The aim of this study was to elucidate the CHC-nurses conceptions of their preventive work with childhood overweight and obesity in Child Health Care.
METHOD
A qualitative study, based on open-ended interviews, involving 18 CHC-nurses strategically selected from 17 CHC Centres in the southern part of Sweden using a phenomenographic approach.
RESULTS
Two categories of description emerged from the data: (i) Internal obstacles to the CHC- nurses' work with overweight in children and (ii) External obstacles to the management of overweight in children. The CHC-nurses conceived their work with overweight in Child Health Care to be complicated and constrained by several obstacles depending on the nurses' personal priorities, knowledge, responsibility and the absence of resources and cooperation, as well as the lack of uniform guidelines for preventing and managing childhood overweight and further a deficient management organisation.
CONCLUSION
Nurses' attention to monitoring overweight in children, and their initiative for prevention, is based on their conceptions of the obstacles that hinder them in their efforts. An increased awareness of the CHC-nurses conceptions of the priorities, their sense of responsibility and prevention practices is warranted. If measures in this direction are not taken there is a growing risk that overweight children will pass through the CHC without any formal recognition of their situation. There is an indication that the present level of the CHC-nurses' preventive work with childhood overweight has room for improvement in several areas. It is suggested that the specialist education of these health care professionals should be supplemented and that organisation of the management of childhood overweight should be also revised at the primary health care level.
背景
通过深入了解儿童保健护士（CHC 护士）如何看待 CHC 中心超重问题，更好地关注幼儿超重和肥胖问题。本研究旨在阐明 CHC 护士对儿童保健中儿童超重和肥胖预防工作的概念。
方法
一项基于开放式访谈的定性研究，涉及瑞典南部 17 个 CHC 中心中经过策略选择的 18 名 CHC 护士，采用现象学方法。
结果
从数据中出现了两个描述类别：（i）CHC 护士在儿童超重问题上工作的内部障碍和（ii）儿童超重管理的外部障碍。CHC 护士认为他们在儿童保健中的超重工作是复杂的，受到几个障碍的限制，这些障碍取决于护士的个人优先事项、知识、责任以及缺乏资源和合作，以及缺乏统一的预防和管理儿童超重的指导方针，以及管理组织不善。
结论
护士对监测儿童超重的关注以及他们预防的主动性，基于他们对阻碍他们努力的障碍的看法。有必要提高对 CHC 护士优先事项、责任感和预防实践的认识。如果不采取这些措施，超重儿童在 CHC 中就有可能在没有正式认识到他们情况的情况下通过。有迹象表明，目前 CHC 护士在预防儿童超重方面的工作在几个方面有待改进。建议这些卫生保健专业人员的专业教育应得到补充，并且初级卫生保健层面的儿童超重管理组织也应进行修订。
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