1School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA; 2Epidemiology and Statistics Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD; 3Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD; 4Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, WA, District of Columbia; and 5Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.
Ear Hear. 2014 Jan-Feb;35(1):56-62. doi: 10.1097/AUD.0b013e3182a021c8.
There is limited research about cochlear function in adults who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive (+). The aim of the present study was to collect measures of cochlear function in a large sample of adults with, or at risk for, HIV infection, to evaluate associations between HIV status, HIV treatment, and cochlear function.
Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) were used to evaluate cochlear function in 506 participants; 329 men, 150 of whom were HIV+, and 177 women, 136 of whom were HIV+. DPOAEs were measured at frequencies 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz. A DPOAE nonresponse (NR) was defined as an absolute DPOAE level less than -15 dB SPL or a difference between the absolute DPOAE level and the background noise level less than 6 dB. The total number of NRs was calculated for each ear. The associations of demographic variables, HIV status, and HIV treatment with number of NRs were evaluated with univariate and multivariate ordinal regression models.
There was a statistically significant increase in the odds of higher numbers of NRs with age, being male, and being non-Black, but not with HIV status. Among HIV+ participants, there were no statistically significant associations of the HIV disease status or treatment variables with higher number of NRs.
The authors found no evidence of impaired cochlear function by HIV disease status or highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated HIV infection in this cross-sectional study.
关于艾滋病毒（HIV）阳性（+）成年人的耳蜗功能的研究有限。本研究的目的是在大量患有或有感染 HIV 风险的成年人中收集耳蜗功能的测量值，以评估 HIV 状态、HIV 治疗与耳蜗功能之间的关联。
在 506 名参与者中使用畸变产物耳声发射（DPOAE）评估耳蜗功能；329 名男性，其中 150 名 HIV+，177 名女性，其中 136 名 HIV+。DPOAE 在 1000、2000、3000、4000 和 6000 Hz 频率下进行测量。将绝对 DPOAE 水平小于-15 dB SPL 或绝对 DPOAE 水平与背景噪声水平之间的差值小于 6 dB 的情况定义为 DPOAE 无反应（NR）。计算每个耳朵的 NR 总数。使用单变量和多变量有序回归模型评估人口统计学变量、HIV 状态和 HIV 治疗与 NR 数量的关联。
年龄、男性和非黑人与 NR 数量增加的可能性呈统计学显著相关，但与 HIV 状态无关。在 HIV+参与者中，HIV 疾病状态或治疗变量与更高数量的 NR 之间没有统计学显著关联。
在这项横断面研究中，作者未发现 HIV 疾病状态或高效抗逆转录病毒治疗治疗的 HIV 感染会损害耳蜗功能。
