[Abdominal actinomycosis. Ileo-vaginal fistula as a clinical manifestation. Case report and review of the literature].

In 1985, a resection of the sigmoid colon was performed on an 81-year-old patient with recurrent and stenotic sigmoid diverticulitis. Vaginal hysterectomy was carried out at the same time for adenomycosis. After an uneventful recovery, approximately 1 year later the patient was presented with fetial leucorrhoea. Radiologically, a fistula was apparent between the terminal ileum and the vagina. Adhesions between the terminal ileum and the vaginal stump were surgically resolved and an ileum segment resection performed. Postoperative recovery was smooth and the patient has remained symptom-free since then. The histological findings of actinomyces spores, thread-like foreign material and detritus drew out attention to the rare manifestation of abdominal actinomycosis. The relevant literature was compiled as completely as possible. Not included are publications of historical interest on therapeutic measures before the antibiotic era. The clinical picture, frequency and therapy of abdominal actinomycosis are discussed on the basis of this review of the literature.