Burlaka A, Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Lukin S, Polishuk V, Tsehmistrenko S, Yakymenko I
R.E. Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine.
Exp Oncol. 2013 Sep;35(3):219-25.
Long-term exposure of humans to low intensity radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) leads to a statistically significant increase in tumor incidence. Mechanisms of such the effects are unclear, but features of oxidative stress in living cells under RF-EMR exposure were previously reported. Our study aims to assess a production of initial free radical species, which lead to oxidative stress in the cell.
Embryos of Japanese quails were exposed in ovo to extremely low intensity RF-EMR of GSM 900 MHz (0.25 µW/cm2) during 158-360 h discontinuously (48 c - ON, 12 c - OFF) before and in the initial stages of development. The levels of superoxide (O2·-), nitrogen oxide (NO·), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and antioxidant enzymes' activities were assessed in cells/tissues of 38-h, 5- and 10-day RF-EMR exposed and unexposed embryos.
The exposure resulted in a significant persistent overproduction of superoxide and nitrogen oxide in embryo cells during all period of analyses. As a result, significantly increased levels of TBARS and 8-oxo-dG followed by significantly decreased levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were developed in the exposed embryo cells.
Exposure of developing quail embryos to extremely low intensity RF-EMR of GSM 900 MHz during at least one hundred and fifty-eight hours leads to a significant overproduction of free radicals/reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage of DNA in embryo cells. These oxidative changes may lead to pathologies up to oncogenic transformation of cells.
人类长期暴露于低强度射频电磁辐射（RF - EMR）会导致肿瘤发病率在统计学上显著增加。此类效应的机制尚不清楚，但此前有报道称在RF - EMR暴露下活细胞存在氧化应激特征。我们的研究旨在评估导致细胞氧化应激的初始自由基种类的产生情况。
日本鹌鹑胚胎在发育前及发育初期的158 - 360小时内，间断性地（48分钟开启，12分钟关闭）在卵内暴露于GSM 900 MHz的极低强度RF - EMR（0.25微瓦/平方厘米）。对暴露于RF - EMR和未暴露的38小时、5天及10天胚胎的细胞/组织中的超氧化物（O2·-）、氮氧化物（NO·）、硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）、8 - 氧代 - 2'-脱氧鸟苷（8 - 氧代 - dG）水平以及抗氧化酶活性进行评估。
在整个分析期间，暴露导致胚胎细胞中超氧化物和氮氧化物持续显著过量产生。结果，暴露的胚胎细胞中TBARS和8 - 氧代 - dG水平显著升高，随后超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著降低。
发育中的鹌鹑胚胎在至少158小时内暴露于GSM 900 MHz的极低强度RF - EMR会导致胚胎细胞中自由基/活性氧大量过量产生以及DNA氧化损伤。这些氧化变化可能导致直至细胞致癌转化的病变。
