Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Nanoscale. 2014 Jan 7;6(1):24-42. doi: 10.1039/c3nr03998f. Epub 2013 Oct 1.
The photocatalytic activity of materials for water splitting is limited by the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs as well as the back-reaction of intermediate species. This review concentrates on the use of electric fields within catalyst particles to mitigate the effects of recombination and back-reaction and to increase photochemical reactivity. Internal electric fields in photocatalysts can arise from ferroelectric phenomena, p-n junctions, polar surface terminations, and polymorph junctions. The manipulation of internal fields through the creation of charged interfaces in hierarchically structured materials is a promising strategy for the design of improved photocatalysts.
材料的光催化活性受到光生电子-空穴对复合以及中间物种的逆反应的限制。本综述集中讨论了在催化剂颗粒内使用电场来减轻复合和逆反应的影响并提高光化学反应性。光催化剂中的内电场可以源自铁电现象、p-n 结、极性表面末端和多晶界。通过在分级结构材料中创建带电界面来操纵内电场是设计改进型光催化剂的一种很有前途的策略。
