Rice Ian M, Wong Alex W K, Salentine Benjamin A, Rice Laura A
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois , Urbana-Champaign, IL , USA .
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol. 2015 Mar;10(2):102-7. doi: 10.3109/17483107.2013.840864. Epub 2013 Oct 3.
To examine the relationship of self-esteem and wheelchair type with participation of young adult manual and power wheelchair users with diverse physical disabilities.
Cross-sectional survey study.
Large University Campus.
A convenience sample of college students (N = 39) with self-reported physical disabilities who are full time wheelchair users (>40 per week) and are two or more years post illness or injury.
Not applicable.
The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale was used to measure self-esteem, and the Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique was used to measure participation.
Self-esteem correlated highly with cognitive independence (CI) (r = 0.58), mobility (r = 0.67) and social integration (SI) (r = 0.52). Use of manual wheelchair was significantly related to higher levels of CI and mobility while longer use of any wheelchair (power or manual) was significantly associated with higher levels of mobility and SI. In addition higher self-esteem independently predicted a significant proportion of the variance in CI, mobility and SI, while type of wheelchair predicted a significant proportion of the variance in CI (p < 0.005).
High self-esteem was found to be the strongest predictor of participation in a population of young adults with mobility limitations. Better understanding of the factors influencing participation may help to facilitate new interventions to minimize the disparities between persons with disabilities and their able bodied peers. Implication for Rehabilitation A total of 46.8% of wheelchair users report the desire for increased community participant but face significant barriers. The type of wheelchair has been identified as having a large impact on participation. This study found self-esteem to be the strongest predictor of participation, which is notable because self-esteem is a characteristic that is potentially modifiable with treatment.
探讨自尊与轮椅类型对不同身体残疾的年轻成年手动轮椅和电动轮椅使用者参与度的影响。
横断面调查研究。
大型大学校园。
以方便抽样的方式选取了39名自称有身体残疾的大学生，他们均为全职轮椅使用者（每周使用时间超过40小时），且患病或受伤已超过两年。
不适用。
采用罗森伯格自尊量表测量自尊，采用克雷格残疾评估与报告技术测量参与度。
自尊与认知独立性（CI）（r = 0.58）、移动性（r = 0.67）和社会融合（SI）（r = 0.52）高度相关。使用手动轮椅与更高水平的CI和移动性显著相关，而使用任何一种轮椅（电动或手动）的时间越长，与更高水平的移动性和SI显著相关。此外，较高的自尊独立预测了CI、移动性和SI中很大比例的方差，而轮椅类型预测了CI中很大比例的方差（p < 0.005）。
研究发现，自尊是影响有行动障碍的年轻成年人群体参与度的最强预测因素。更好地理解影响参与度的因素可能有助于推动新的干预措施，以缩小残疾人和健全同龄人之间的差距。康复意义：共有46.8%的轮椅使用者表示希望增加社区参与，但面临重大障碍。轮椅类型已被确定对参与度有很大影响。本研究发现自尊是参与度的最强预测因素，这一点值得注意，因为自尊是一个可能通过治疗改变的特征。
