Feng Xiaoming, Fu Bojie, Lu Nan, Zeng Yuan, Wu Bingfang
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Sci Rep. 2013 Oct 3;3:2846. doi: 10.1038/srep02846.
Restoring disturbed and over-exploited ecosystems is important to mitigate human pressures on natural ecosystems. China has launched an ambitious national ecosystem restoration program called Grain to Green Program (GTGP) over the last decade. By using remote sensing techniques and ecosystem modelling, we quantitatively evaluated the changes in ecosystem carbon sequestration since China's GTGP program during period of 2000-2008. It was found the NPP and NEP in this region had steadily increased after the initiative of the GTGP program, and a total of 96.1 Tg of additional carbon had been sequestered during that period. Changes in soil carbon storage were lagged behind and thus insignificant over the period, but was expected to follow in the coming decades. As a result, the Loess Plateau ecosystem had shifted from a net carbon source in 2000 to a net carbon sink in 2008. The carbon sequestration efficiency was constrained by precipitation, and appropriate choices of restoration types (trees, shrubs, and grasses) in accordance to local climate are critical for achieving the best benefit/cost efficiency.
恢复受到干扰和过度开发的生态系统对于减轻人类对自然生态系统的压力至关重要。在过去十年中，中国启动了一项雄心勃勃的全国生态系统恢复计划，即退耕还林还草工程（GTGP）。通过使用遥感技术和生态系统模型，我们定量评估了2000年至2008年中国实施退耕还林还草工程以来生态系统碳固存的变化。研究发现，该地区的净初级生产力（NPP）和净生态系统生产力（NEP）在退耕还林还草工程实施后稳步增加，在此期间共额外固存了96.1太克碳。土壤碳储量的变化滞后，在此期间不显著，但预计在未来几十年会出现变化。结果，黄土高原生态系统已从2000年的净碳源转变为2008年的净碳汇。碳固存效率受降水制约，根据当地气候适当选择恢复类型（乔木、灌木和草本）对于实现最佳效益/成本效率至关重要。
