Frati Paola, Gulino Matteo, Turillazzi Emanuela, Zaami Simona, Fineschi Vittorio
Department of Legal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome , Italy and.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2014 Jul;27(11):1113-7. doi: 10.3109/14767058.2013.850664. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
A recent decision of the Italian Highest Court for the first time legitimized wrongful life suits. The Court stated the following principles: (a) the contract between the mother and the doctor has also protective effects in favour of third parties (father, siblings and the disabled child) who have the right to be compensated; (b) the right to compensation is neither based on the right not to be born nor on the right to be born healthy, but rather it is based on the breach of duty of care which coincides with the child's disabled status; (c) siblings may suffer the reduced availability of their parents; (d) the doctor is held responsible for not providing full information to the mother about the foetal deformity. The Supreme Court once again emphasized the importance of information on the matter of very personal choices, such as termination of pregnancy in case of foetal malformations. In the present case, the gynaecologist breached the duty to inform, especially after the patient requested diagnostic tests designed to highlight any foetal malformations and informed the doctor of the possibility of an eventual subsequent termination of pregnancy if foetal malformations were found.
意大利最高法院最近的一项裁决首次使不当生命诉讼合法化。法院阐述了以下原则：(a) 母亲与医生之间的合同也对第三方（父亲、兄弟姐妹和残疾儿童）具有保护作用，这些第三方有权获得赔偿；(b) 获得赔偿的权利既不是基于不出生的权利，也不是基于健康出生的权利，而是基于与儿童残疾状况相符的护理责任的违反；(c) 兄弟姐妹可能会因父母陪伴时间减少而受到影响；(d) 医生因未向母亲充分告知胎儿畸形情况而承担责任。最高法院再次强调了在非常个人化的选择问题上提供信息的重要性，比如在胎儿畸形情况下终止妊娠。在本案中，妇科医生违反了告知义务，尤其是在患者要求进行旨在突出任何胎儿畸形的诊断测试并告知医生如果发现胎儿畸形最终可能随后终止妊娠的可能性之后。
