Functional Transgenic Crops Research Unit, Genetically Modified Organism Research Center, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan.
Biotechnol J. 2013 Oct;8(10):1133-43. doi: 10.1002/biot.201300065. Epub 2013 Sep 17.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the major staple food consumed by half of the world's population. Rice seeds have gained recent attention as bioreactors for the production of human pharmaceuticals such as therapeutic proteins or peptides. Rice seed production platforms have many advantages over animal cell or microbe systems in terms of cost-effectiveness, scalability, safety, product stability and productivity. Rice seed-based human pharmaceuticals are expected to become innovative therapies as edible drugs. Therapeutic proteins can be sequestered within natural cellular compartments in rice seeds and protected from harsh gastrointestinal environments. This review presents the state-of-the-art on the construction of gene cassettes for accumulation of pharmaceutical proteins or peptides in rice seeds, the generation of transgenic rice plants, and challenges involved in the use of rice seeds to produce human pharmaceuticals.
水稻（Oryza sativa L.）是全球一半人口的主要主食。近年来，水稻种子作为生物反应器，用于生产治疗性蛋白质或肽等人类药物，受到了关注。与动物细胞或微生物系统相比，水稻种子生产平台在成本效益、可扩展性、安全性、产品稳定性和生产力方面具有许多优势。基于水稻种子的人类药物有望成为可食用药物的创新疗法。治疗性蛋白质可以在水稻种子的天然细胞隔室中被隔离，并免受恶劣的胃肠道环境的影响。本文综述了在水稻种子中积累药物蛋白或肽的基因盒构建、转基因水稻植株的产生，以及利用水稻种子生产人类药物所面临的挑战等方面的最新进展。
