Khalid Uswah, Waheed Muhammad Qandeel, Parveen Najma, Arif Mian Abdur Rehman, Arif Anjuman
Plant Breeding and Genetics Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agiculture (UAF), Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 May;50(5):4175-4185. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08358-9. Epub 2023 Mar 9.
The narrow genetic diversity of chickpea is a serious impediment to modern cultivar creation. Seed storage proteins (SSPs) are stable and have minimal or no degradation when subjected to isolation and SDS-PAGE.
We have characterized SSPs of 436 chickpea genotypes, belonging to nine annual Cicer species, originated from 47 countries by SDS-PAGE and determined the extent of genetic diversity in chickpea through clustering. Based on scoring, a total of 44 bands (10 to 170 kDa) were identified, which were all polymorphic. The least appeared protein bands were 11, 160 and 170 kDa where band of 11 and 160 kDa was present exclusively in wild type. Five bands were present in < 10% of genotypes. Bands appeared in 200-300 genotypes were suggested less polymorphic, on contrary bands present in 10-150 genotypes were suggested more polymorphic. Polymorphism of protein bands in context to their potential functions reported in literature were explored and suggested that the glubulins were most and glutelins were least abundant, whereas albumins with their known role in stress tolerance can be used as marker in chickpea breeding. Cluster analysis produced 14 clusters, interestingly three clusters contained only Pakistani genotypes and thus Pakistani genotypes appeared as a separate entity from the rest of the genotypes.
Our results indicate that SDS-PAGE of SSPs is a powerful technique in determining the genetic diversity plus it is easily adaptable, due to its cost effectiveness in comparison to other genomics tools.
鹰嘴豆狭窄的遗传多样性严重阻碍了现代品种的培育。种子贮藏蛋白（SSPs）性质稳定，在进行分离和SDS-PAGE分析时极少降解或不降解。
我们通过SDS-PAGE对来自47个国家的9个一年生鹰嘴豆品种的436个鹰嘴豆基因型的种子贮藏蛋白进行了表征，并通过聚类分析确定了鹰嘴豆的遗传多样性程度。根据评分，共鉴定出44条带（10至170 kDa），均具有多态性。出现频率最低的蛋白带为11、160和170 kDa，其中11和160 kDa的带仅存在于野生型中。5条带在不到10%的基因型中出现。出现在200 - 300个基因型中的条带多态性较低，相反，出现在10 - 150个基因型中的条带多态性较高。我们还探讨了文献报道的蛋白带多态性与其潜在功能的关系，结果表明球蛋白含量最高，谷蛋白含量最低，而在胁迫耐受性方面具有已知作用的清蛋白可作为鹰嘴豆育种的标记。聚类分析产生了14个聚类，有趣的是，有三个聚类仅包含巴基斯坦基因型，因此巴基斯坦基因型与其他基因型呈现为一个独立的群体。
我们的结果表明，种子贮藏蛋白的SDS-PAGE是一种确定遗传多样性的强大技术，而且由于其与其他基因组学工具相比具有成本效益，因此易于应用。
