多因素洗手方案对减少因急性肠胃炎导致的学校缺勤的效果。

Effectiveness of a multifactorial handwashing program to reduce school absenteeism due to acute gastroenteritis.

机构信息

From the *Distrito Sanitario de Atención Primaria Almería; †Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Torrecárdenas; ‡Universidad de Almería, Almería, España; §Statistician at Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria Andalucía Oriental Alejandro Otero (FIBAO), Hospital Torrecárdenas, Almería, España.

出版信息

Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2014 Feb;33(2):e34-9. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000040.

DOI:10.1097/INF.0000000000000040

PMID:24096730

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is one of the most common diseases among children and an important cause of school absenteeism. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a handwashing program using hand sanitizers for the prevention of school absenteeism due to AGE.

METHODS

A randomized, controlled and open study of a sample of 1341 children between 4 and 12 years of age, attending 5 state schools in Almería (Spain), with an 8-month follow up (academic year). The experimental group (EG) washed their hands with soap and water, complementing this with the use of a hand sanitizer, and the control group (CG) followed the usual handwashing procedure. Absenteeism rates due GI were compared between the 2 groups through the multivariate Poisson regression analysis. Percent days absent in both groups were compared with a Z-test.

RESULTS

446 cases of school absenteeism due to AGE were registered. The school children from the EG had a 36% lower risk of absenteeism due to AGE (IRR: 0.64, 95% confidence interval: 0.52-0.78) and a decrease in absenteeism of 0.13 episodes/child/academic year (0.27 of EG vs 0.40 CG/episodes/child/academic year, P < 0.001). Pupils missed 725 school days due to AGE and absent days was significantly lower in the EG (EG: 0.31%, 95% confidence interval: 0.28-0.35 vs. CG: 0.44%, 95% confidence interval: 0.40-0.48, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The use of hand sanitizer as a complement to handwashing with soap is an efficient measure to reduce absent days and the number of school absenteeism cases due to AGE.

摘要

背景

急性肠胃炎（AGE）是儿童中最常见的疾病之一，也是导致学生缺课的重要原因。本研究旨在评估使用手部消毒剂进行洗手方案对预防因 AGE 导致的学生缺课的效果。

方法

对 1341 名 4 至 12 岁的儿童进行了一项随机、对照、开放的研究，这些儿童在阿尔梅里亚（西班牙）的 5 所公立学校就读，随访 8 个月（学年）。实验组（EG）用肥皂和水洗手，并补充使用手部消毒剂，对照组（CG）则遵循常规洗手程序。通过多变量泊松回归分析比较两组因 GI 导致的缺课率。使用 Z 检验比较两组的缺勤天数百分比。

结果

共记录了 446 例因 AGE 导致的学校缺课。EG 组儿童因 AGE 导致的缺课风险降低了 36%（IRR：0.64，95%置信区间：0.52-0.78），缺课率降低了 0.13 个/儿童/学年（EG 为 0.27，CG 为 0.40/儿童/学年，P<0.001）。因 AGE 儿童共缺课 725 天，EG 组缺勤天数明显较低（EG：0.31%，95%置信区间：0.28-0.35 vs. CG：0.44%，95%置信区间：0.40-0.48，P<0.001）。