Dillard Alice, Matthan Nirupa R, Spartano Nicole L, Butkowski Ann E, Lichtenstein Alice H
Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
Lipids. 2013 Dec;48(12):1177-84. doi: 10.1007/s11745-013-3840-0. Epub 2013 Oct 6.
Dietary modification alters plasma lipoprotein profiles and atherosclerotic lesion progression in humans and some animal models. Variability in response to diet induced atherosclerosis has been reported in hamsters. Assessed was the interaction between background diet composition and dietary fat type on aortic cholesterol accumulation, lipoprotein profiles, hepatic lipids and selected genes. F1B Golden Syrian hamsters (20/group) were fed (12 weeks) semi-purified or non-purified diets containing either 10 % (w/w) coconut oil or safflower oil and 0.15 % (w/w) cholesterol. The non-purified diets relative to semi-purified diets resulted in significantly higher TC (72 % [percent difference] and 38 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) and nHDL-C (84 and 61 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively), and lower HDL-C (-47 and -45 %, coconut oil and safflower oil, respectively) concentrations. Plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in the hamsters fed the non-purified coconut oil-supplemented diets were three- to fourfold higher than non-purified safflower oil-supplemented, and both semi-purified diets. With the exception of HDL-C, a significant effect of fat type was observed in TC, nHDL-C and triacylglycerol (all P < 0.05) concentrations. Regardless of diet induced differences in lipoprotein profiles, there was no significant effect on aortic cholesterol accumulation. There was an inverse relationship between plasma nHDL-C and triacylglycerol, and hepatic cholesteryl ester content (P < 0.001). Diet induced differences in hepatic gene transcription (LDL receptor, apoB-100, microsomal transfer protein) were not reflected in protein concentrations. Although hamsters fed non-purified and/or saturated fatty acid-supplemented diets had more atherogenic lipoprotein profiles compared to hamsters fed semi-purified and/or polyunsaturated fatty acid-supplemented diets these differences were not reflected in aortic cholesterol accumulation.
饮食调整会改变人类和一些动物模型的血浆脂蛋白谱以及动脉粥样硬化病变进展。据报道，仓鼠对饮食诱导的动脉粥样硬化的反应存在差异。评估了基础饮食组成与膳食脂肪类型对主动脉胆固醇积累、脂蛋白谱、肝脏脂质和选定基因的相互作用。将F1B金黄叙利亚仓鼠（每组20只）喂食（12周）含有10%（w/w）椰子油或红花油以及0.15%（w/w）胆固醇的半纯化或非纯化饮食。相对于半纯化饮食，非纯化饮食导致总胆固醇（分别为72%[百分比差异]和38%，椰子油和红花油）和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（分别为84%和61%，椰子油和红花油）显著升高，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度降低（分别为-47%和-45%，椰子油和红花油）。喂食非纯化椰子油补充饮食的仓鼠血浆三酰甘油浓度比非纯化红花油补充饮食和两种半纯化饮食高三到四倍。除了高密度脂蛋白胆固醇外，在总胆固醇、非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和三酰甘油浓度方面观察到脂肪类型有显著影响（所有P<0.05）。无论饮食引起的脂蛋白谱差异如何，对主动脉胆固醇积累均无显著影响。血浆非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与三酰甘油以及肝脏胆固醇酯含量之间存在负相关（P<0.001）。饮食引起的肝脏基因转录差异（低密度脂蛋白受体、载脂蛋白B-100、微粒体转移蛋白）未反映在蛋白质浓度上。尽管与喂食半纯化和/或多不饱和脂肪酸补充饮食的仓鼠相比，喂食非纯化和/或饱和脂肪酸补充饮食的仓鼠具有更易致动脉粥样硬化的脂蛋白谱，但这些差异未反映在主动脉胆固醇积累上。
