Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 505 NW 185th Avenue, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA,
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2013;761:43-67. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8214-7_5.
The factors and processes involved in primate follicular development are complex and not fully understood. An encapsulated three-dimensional (3D) follicle culture system could be a valuable in vitro model to study the dynamics and regulation of folliculogenesis in intact individual follicles in primates. Besides the research relevance, in vitro follicle maturation (IFM) is emerging as a promising approach to offer options for fertility preservation in female patients with cancer. This review summarizes the current published data on in vitro follicular development from the preantral to small antral stage in nonhuman primates, including follicle survival and growth, endocrine (ovarian steroid hormone) and paracrine/autocrine (local factor) function, as well as oocyte maturation and fertilization. Future directions include major challenges and strategies to further improve follicular growth and differentiation with oocytes competent for in vitro fertilization and subsequent embryonic development, as well as opportunities to investigate primate folliculogenesis by utilizing this 3D culture system. The information may be valuable in identifying optimal conditions for human follicle culture, with the ultimate goal of translating the experimental results and products to patients, thereby facilitating diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for female fertility.
涉及灵长类动物卵泡发育的因素和过程较为复杂，尚未完全阐明。一个封装的三维（3D）卵泡培养系统可以作为一种有价值的体外模型，用于研究灵长类动物完整单个卵泡中卵泡发生的动态和调控。除了研究相关性之外，体外卵泡成熟（in vitro follicle maturation，IFM）作为一种有前途的方法正在出现，为癌症女性患者的生育力保存提供了选择。这篇综述总结了目前关于非人类灵长类动物从原始卵泡到小窦卵泡阶段的体外卵泡发育的已发表数据，包括卵泡的存活和生长、内分泌（卵巢甾体激素）和旁分泌/自分泌（局部因子）功能，以及卵母细胞成熟和受精。未来的方向包括主要的挑战和策略，以进一步提高具有体外受精和随后胚胎发育能力的卵母细胞的卵泡生长和分化，并利用这种 3D 培养系统来研究灵长类动物的卵泡发生。这些信息对于确定人类卵泡培养的最佳条件可能具有重要价值，最终目标是将实验结果和产品转化为患者，从而促进女性生育力的诊断和治疗方法。
