Gunaratne Charini D, Kremer Peter J, Clarke Valerie, Lewis Andrew J
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia School of Psychology, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Asia Pac J Public Health. 2014 Jul;26(4):425-34. doi: 10.1177/1010539513500337. Epub 2013 Oct 4.
Limited research has addressed factors associated with psychological distress following disasters among non-Western populations. The 2004 tsunami affected 1.7 million people across South Asia and Africa, with considerable variations in trauma-related outcomes. Pretraumatic and peritraumatic conditions associated with trauma-related symptoms in 305 Sri Lankan adult survivors (28% male, aged 18-83 years; mean = 39.9 years; standard deviation = 15.3), clinically assessed 1 month posttsunami, were evaluated retrospectively. Outcome measures were total scores on 11 trauma-related symptoms. Multivariate linear regression analyses tested for associations between pretraumatic and peritraumatic conditions and symptom scores, with peritraumatic conditions adjusted for pretraumatic variables. Pretraumatic conditions of female gender, employment, prior health and social issues, and substance use and peritraumatic conditions of loss of family, witnessing the tsunami, or suffering an injury were associated with trauma-related symptoms. The findings facilitate understanding cultural contexts that define risk factors associated with trauma-related symptoms in Sri Lankans, which are critical for developing culturally appropriate interventions.
有限的研究探讨了非西方人群在灾难后出现心理困扰的相关因素。2004年海啸影响了南亚和非洲的170万人，创伤相关结果存在很大差异。对305名斯里兰卡成年幸存者（28%为男性，年龄在18 - 83岁之间；平均年龄 = 39.9岁；标准差 = 15.3）在海啸后1个月进行临床评估，回顾性评估与创伤相关症状相关的创伤前和创伤周围状况。结果指标为11种创伤相关症状的总分。多变量线性回归分析测试了创伤前和创伤周围状况与症状评分之间的关联，并对创伤周围状况进行了创伤前变量的调整。女性性别、就业、先前的健康和社会问题、物质使用等创伤前状况，以及家庭丧失、目睹海啸或受伤等创伤周围状况与创伤相关症状有关。这些发现有助于理解界定斯里兰卡人创伤相关症状风险因素的文化背景，这对于制定适合文化背景的干预措施至关重要。
