Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2013 Nov;29(6):581-7. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0b013e328365d339.
To highlight the functions of a recently discovered group of immune cells known as innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) during homeostasis and infections of the gastrointestinal tract.
ILCs are lymphocytes that lack specific antigen receptors. They are found in the mucosae and mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues, where they promptly initiate cytokine responses to pathogens upon initial exposure. ILCs have been classified into distinct groups based on their cytokine secretion: ILC1 produce IFN-γ, ILC2 secrete IL-5 and IL-13, and ILC3 produce IL-22 and IL-17. Recent studies have discovered the heterogeneity of ILC1 and ILC3 in the gastrointestinal tract. ILC1 subsets may contribute to the inflammatory bowel disease. ILC3 subsets may be beneficial in the defense against gastrointestinal infections, but their sustained activation may lead to cancer.
ILCs may provide a target for new avenues of therapeutic intervention in inflammatory bowel disease and gastrointestinal cancer.
强调最近发现的一组称为固有淋巴细胞（ILC）的免疫细胞在胃肠道稳态和感染中的功能。
ILC 是缺乏特异性抗原受体的淋巴细胞。它们存在于黏膜和黏膜相关淋巴组织中，在初次接触病原体时，它们会迅速启动细胞因子反应。根据细胞因子的分泌，ILC 可分为不同的群：ILC1 产生 IFN-γ，ILC2 分泌 IL-5 和 IL-13，ILC3 产生 IL-22 和 IL-17。最近的研究发现胃肠道中 ILC1 和 ILC3 的异质性。ILC1 亚群可能有助于炎症性肠病。ILC3 亚群可能有益于防御胃肠道感染，但它们的持续激活可能导致癌症。
ILC 可能为炎症性肠病和胃肠道癌症的新治疗干预途径提供了一个靶点。
