Janssen Pharmaceuticals, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA,
Calcif Tissue Int. 2014 Jan;94(1):78-87. doi: 10.1007/s00223-013-9807-6. Epub 2013 Oct 8.
Throughout life, a balance exists within the marrow cavity between adipose tissue and bone. Each tissue derives from a common progenitor cell known both as a "bone marrow-derived multipotent stromal cell" and as a "mesenchymal stem cell" (BMSC). The majority of in vitro and in vivo data suggest that BMSCs differentiate into adipocytes or osteoblasts in a reciprocal manner. For example, while ligand induction of the transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ initiates BMSC adipogenesis, it suppresses osteogenesis. Nevertheless, this hypothesis may oversimplify a complex regulatory paradigm. The picture may be further complicated by the systemic impact of extramedullary adipose depots on bone via the secretion of protein adipokines and lipid metabolites. This review focuses on past and current literature examining the mechanisms governing the adipose-bone interface.
在整个生命周期中，骨髓腔内的脂肪组织和骨骼之间存在着一种平衡。这两种组织都来源于一种共同的前体细胞，既被称为“骨髓来源的多能基质细胞”，也被称为“间充质干细胞”（BMSC）。大多数体外和体内数据表明，BMSCs 以相互转化的方式分化为脂肪细胞或成骨细胞。例如，虽然配体诱导转录因子过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体 γ 启动 BMSC 脂肪生成，但它会抑制成骨作用。然而，这一假设可能过于简化了一个复杂的调控范式。通过分泌蛋白脂联素和脂质代谢物，骨髓外脂肪库对骨骼的系统影响可能会使情况更加复杂。这篇综述重点介绍了过去和目前的文献，这些文献研究了控制脂肪-骨骼界面的机制。
