Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, al. Powstancow Wlkp.72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Apr 22;13(5):1412. doi: 10.3390/nu13051412.
In recent years, adipose tissue has attracted a lot of attention. It is not only an energy reservoir but also plays important immune, paracrine and endocrine roles. BMAT (bone marrow adipose tissue) is a heterogeneous tissue, found mostly in the medullary canal of the long bones (tibia, femur and humerus), in the vertebrae and iliac crest. Adipogenesis in bone marrow cavities is a consequence of ageing or may accompany pathologies like diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM), T2DM, anorexia nervosa, oestrogen and growth hormone deficiencies or impaired haematopoiesis and osteoporosis. This paper focuses on studies concerning BMAT and its physiology in dietary interventions, like obesity in humans and high fat diet in rodent studies; and opposite: and calorie restriction in animal models.
近年来，脂肪组织引起了广泛关注。它不仅是能量储存库，而且还发挥着重要的免疫、旁分泌和内分泌作用。BMAT（骨髓脂肪组织）是一种异质性组织，主要存在于长骨（胫骨、股骨和肱骨）的骨髓腔、椎体和髂嵴中。骨髓腔内的脂肪生成是衰老的结果，也可能伴随 1 型糖尿病（T1DM）、2 型糖尿病（T2DM）、神经性厌食症、雌激素和生长激素缺乏症或造血功能障碍和骨质疏松症等疾病。本文重点介绍了有关 BMAT 及其在饮食干预中的生理学的研究，如人类肥胖和啮齿动物高脂肪饮食研究；以及相反的情况：动物模型中的热量限制。
