Research Institute of Combined Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province 225001, China.
Curr Protein Pept Sci. 2013 Dec;14(8):669-73.
Impaired insulin sensitivity, namely insulin resistance, is a metabolic and functional disorder that is often associated with the type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or obesity. Recent studies have provided compelling clues that the neuropeptide galanin is closely related to insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of rats. This peptide may regulate glucose homeostasis and carbohydrate metabolism in peripheral tissues, as well as accelerate the translocation of glucose transporter 4 to the plasma membrane of various insulin-sensitive cells to reduce insulin resistance. Galanin plays a crucial role in inhibiting insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells to prevent hyperinsulinemia, which is a characteristic of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review provides a comprehensive aggregation of the current literature available, bringing together data gleaned from our recent studies highlighting the role of galanin in regulating insulin sensitivity. This comprehensive role played by galanin and its relative agents in regulating insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity provides a new insight into the influence of this neuropeptides on the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
胰岛素敏感性受损，即胰岛素抵抗，是一种代谢和功能障碍，常与 2 型糖尿病和/或肥胖有关。最近的研究提供了令人信服的线索，表明神经肽甘丙肽与大鼠骨骼肌和脂肪组织中的胰岛素敏感性密切相关。这种肽可能调节外周组织的葡萄糖稳态和碳水化合物代谢，并加速葡萄糖转运蛋白 4向各种胰岛素敏感细胞的质膜移位，以减少胰岛素抵抗。甘丙肽在抑制胰岛β细胞胰岛素分泌方面起着至关重要的作用，以防止高胰岛素血症，这是 2 型糖尿病的特征。本综述全面汇集了现有文献，汇集了我们最近研究的数据，强调了甘丙肽在调节胰岛素敏感性中的作用。甘丙肽及其相关药物在调节胰岛素分泌和胰岛素敏感性方面的这种综合作用，为这种神经肽对 2 型糖尿病的预防和治疗的影响提供了新的见解。
