Tu Shih-Kai, Liao Hung-En
a Department of Family Physician , Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital , Taichung City , Taiwan, ROC.
Psychol Health Med. 2014;19(5):592-604. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2013.845302. Epub 2013 Oct 10.
Community-based intervention health examinations were implemented at a health care facility to comply with the government's primary health care promotion policy. The theory of planned behavior model was applied to examine the effect that community-based health examinations had on people's health concepts regarding seeking future health examinations. The research participants were individuals who had received a health examination provided at two branches of a hospital in central Taiwan in 2012. The hospital's two branches held a total of 14 free community-based health examination sessions. The hospital provided health examination equipment and staff to perform health examinations during public holidays. We conducted an exploratory questionnaire survey to collect data and implemented cross-sectional research based on anonymous self-ratings to examine the public's intention to receive future community-based or hospital-based health examinations. Including of 807 valid questionnaires, accounting for 89.4% of the total number of questionnaires distributed. The correlation coefficients of the second-order structural model indicate that attitudes positively predict behavioral intentions (γ = .66, p < .05), and subjective norms also positively predict behavioral intentions (γ = .66, p < .01). By contrast, perceived behavioral control has no significant relationship with behavioral intentions (γ = -.71, p > .05). The results of the first-order structural model indicated that the second-order constructs had a high explanatory power for the first-order constructs. People's health concepts regarding health examinations and their desire to continue receiving health examinations must be considered when promoting health examinations in the community. Regarding hospital management and the government's implementation of primary health care, health examination services should address people's medical needs to increase coverage and participation rates and reduce the waste of medical resources.
为了贯彻政府的初级卫生保健促进政策，在一家医疗机构开展了基于社区的干预性健康检查。运用计划行为理论模型来检验基于社区的健康检查对人们未来寻求健康检查的健康观念所产生的影响。研究参与者是2012年在台湾中部一家医院的两个分院接受过健康检查的个人。该医院的两个分院共举办了14场免费的基于社区的健康检查活动。医院在公共假日提供健康检查设备和工作人员来进行健康检查。我们进行了一项探索性问卷调查以收集数据，并基于匿名自评实施横断面研究，以考察公众未来接受基于社区或医院的健康检查的意愿。共收集到807份有效问卷，占所发放问卷总数的89.4%。二阶结构模型的相关系数表明，态度正向预测行为意向（γ = .66，p < .05），主观规范也正向预测行为意向（γ = .66，p < .01）。相比之下，感知行为控制与行为意向没有显著关系（γ = -.71，p > .05）。一阶结构模型的结果表明，二阶构念对一阶构念具有较高的解释力。在社区推广健康检查时，必须考虑人们对健康检查的健康观念及其继续接受健康检查的愿望。对于医院管理和政府实施的初级卫生保健，健康检查服务应满足人们的医疗需求，以提高覆盖率和参与率，并减少医疗资源的浪费。
