Khan Fahd R, Henderson Jaimie M
Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;116:27-37. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53497-2.00003-6.
Stereotactic techniques for placement of deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes have undergone continuous refinement since the introduction of human stereotaxis in the 1940s. Volumetric imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, have replaced ventriculography, and increasingly sophisticated computer systems now allow highly refined targeting of subcortical structures. This chapter reviews the underlying principles of stereotactic surgery, including imaging, targeting, and registration, and describes the surgical approach to DBS placement using both framed and frameless techniques.
自20世纪40年代引入人体立体定向技术以来，用于植入脑深部电刺激（DBS）电极的立体定向技术不断完善。包括磁共振成像和计算机断层扫描在内的容积成像技术已取代脑室造影，如今越来越先进的计算机系统能够实现对皮质下结构的高度精确靶向。本章回顾了立体定向手术的基本原理，包括成像、靶向和配准，并描述了使用有框架和无框架技术进行DBS植入的手术方法。
