Saleh Christian, Gonzalez Victoria, Coubes Philippe
Department of Neurosurgery, CHRU Montpellier and Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2013;116:189-208. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-53497-2.00015-2.
Dystonia-dyskinesia syndromes (DDS) are severe disabling movement disorders, characterized by twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures. Movement disorders are differentiated as primary or secondary. Primary movement disorders are of genetic or idiopathic origin, whereas secondary forms result from exogenous injuries. A PubMed literature search identified 32 clinical research studies reporting on a total of 153 patients with secondary dystonia treated with deep brain stimulation. For 116 patients, the mean Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) score improved by 49%. The greatest mean BFMDRS improvement was achieved for tardive dyskinesia. The majority of patients were implanted in the globus pallidus. Fewer patients received thalamic or subthalamic nucleus stimulation. Electrical neuromodulation of subcortical structures can be very useful for a small number of patients with movement disorders due to a structural damage of the brain.
肌张力障碍-运动障碍综合征（DDS）是严重的致残性运动障碍，其特征为扭曲和重复性运动或异常姿势。运动障碍可分为原发性或继发性。原发性运动障碍源于遗传或特发性，而继发性运动障碍则由外部损伤引起。一项PubMed文献检索发现了32项临床研究，报告了总共153例接受深部脑刺激治疗的继发性肌张力障碍患者。对于116例患者，伯克-法恩-马斯登肌张力障碍评定量表（BFMDRS）平均得分提高了49%。迟发性运动障碍的BFMDRS平均改善最为显著。大多数患者植入了苍白球。接受丘脑或丘脑底核刺激的患者较少。由于脑部结构损伤导致的少数运动障碍患者，皮层下结构的电神经调节可能非常有用。
