Di Bello Antonio, Valastro Carmela, Freggi Daniela, Lai Olimpia R, Crescenzo Giuseppe, Franchini Delia
Departments of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bari University, Strada Provinciale per Casamassima km.3, 70010 Valenzano (Ba), Italy.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2013 Oct 11;106(2):93-102. doi: 10.3354/dao02641.
We report the surgical techniques used to remove accidentally ingested hooks and branchlines localized in different parts of the digestive tract of 129 loggerhead sea turtles Caretta caretta, together with the characteristics and localization of lesions, and final outcome related to their severity. Hooks were removed from the cervical esophagus via the ventral surface of the neck, while the supraplastron approach was performed for hooks wedged in the intracoelomic portion of the esophagus. An approach through the left axillary region was preferred for fishhooks in the stomach, while hooks and long branchlines in the intestine or pyloric area were removed by approaching the coelomic cavity through the right or left prefemoral fossa. The ingestion of fishhooks, and/or longlines, often induces severe injuries in the digestive tract that could lead to the death of the turtles, with the extent of damage engendered by lines often more severe than that caused by hooks, leading to strangulation, intussusception, and tears that require resection of long tracts of intestine. Spontaneous expulsion of hooks, even where possible, involves long waiting times, with the possible impairment of the turtle's clinical condition, and should be avoided when the line is evident or suspected. The development of diversified surgical techniques enabled us to approach the coelomic cavity with minimally invasive and easy-to-perform methods, and survival rates proved very satisfactory.
我们报告了用于取出129只蠵龟（Caretta caretta）消化道不同部位意外摄入的鱼钩和支线的手术技术，以及病变的特征和位置，以及与病变严重程度相关的最终结果。通过颈部腹面从颈段食管取出鱼钩，而对于楔入食管体腔内部分的鱼钩则采用腹甲上入路。对于胃内的鱼钩，首选通过左腋窝区域的入路，而对于肠道或幽门区域的鱼钩和长支线，则通过右或左股前窝进入体腔来取出。鱼钩和/或延绳钓的摄入常常会在消化道内造成严重损伤，可能导致海龟死亡，延绳钓造成的损害程度通常比鱼钩更严重，会导致勒绞、肠套叠和撕裂，需要切除长段肠道。即使有可能，鱼钩的自然排出也需要很长的等待时间，可能会损害海龟的临床状况，当明显或怀疑有延绳钓时应避免这种情况。多样化手术技术的发展使我们能够以微创且易于操作的方法进入体腔，存活率非常令人满意。
