Stara Jitka, Nesvorna Marta, Hubert Jan
Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, Praha, Czech Republic.
Pest Manag Sci. 2014 Jul;70(7):1138-44. doi: 10.1002/ps.3659. Epub 2013 Oct 29.
In this study, we compared the efficacy of insecticides against three strains of Tyrophagus putrescentiae using an impregnated filter paper test and a growth test. We tested the suppressive activity of commercial insecticides and their analytical standards (pirimiphos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, chlorfenapyr, β-cyfluthrin).
The strains of T. putrescentiae originated from a laboratory, a field and dog food. The mortality of the mites due to active ingredients and analytical standards was tested using an impregnated filter paper test after 24 h. Lethal doses, LD50 , LD95 and LD99 were determined. A growth test was used to observe the suppressive effect of the active ingredients on mites at 21 days after application of the active ingredients to wheat grain. The effective doses ED50 , ED95 and ED99 were determined, indicating the concentration at which the population was reduced by 50, 95 and 99% more than control.
Cypermethrin, β-cyfluthrin and a formulation of deltamethrin with piperonylbutoxide in the pesticide K-Othrine showed low toxicity to mites. High toxicity was observed for chlorfenapyr (LD50 : 0.1-1 µg cm(-2) ; ED50 : 0.11-1.2 µg g(-1) ) and pirimiphos-methyl (LD50 : 0.01-0.06 µg cm(-2) ; ED50 : 0.2-12 µg g(-1) ). We did not find significant differences among the compared strains in terms of their sensitivity to highly toxic insecticides.
The obtained results showed that a filter paper test is a more sensitive method of identifying differences in pesticide susceptibility among strains, but the efficacy of pesticides against one species should be tested using a growth test.
在本研究中，我们使用浸渍滤纸试验和生长试验比较了杀虫剂对三种腐食酪螨菌株的功效。我们测试了市售杀虫剂及其分析标准品（甲基嘧啶磷、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、虫螨腈、高效氟氯氰菊酯）的抑制活性。
腐食酪螨菌株分别来源于实验室、田间和狗粮。使用浸渍滤纸试验在24小时后测试活性成分和分析标准品导致的螨虫死亡率。测定致死剂量LD50、LD95和LD99。在将活性成分施用于小麦籽粒21天后，使用生长试验观察活性成分对螨虫的抑制作用。测定有效剂量ED50、ED95和ED99，表明种群数量比对照减少50%、95%和99%时的浓度。
氯氰菊酯、高效氟氯氰菊酯以及农药K-Othrine中含增效醚的溴氰菊酯制剂对螨虫毒性较低。观察到虫螨腈（LD50：0.1 - 1μg cm(-2)；ED50：0.11 - 1.2μg g(-1)）和甲基嘧啶磷（LD50：0.01 - 0.06μg cm(-2)；ED50：0.2 - 12μg g(-1)）具有高毒性。在对高毒性杀虫剂的敏感性方面，我们未发现所比较的菌株之间存在显著差异。
所得结果表明，滤纸试验是一种更灵敏的方法，可用于识别不同菌株对农药敏感性的差异，但应使用生长试验来测试农药对某一物种的功效。
