Hubert Jan, Nesvorna Marta, Bostlova Marie, Sopko Bruno, Green Stefan J, Phillips Thomas W
Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507/73, CZ-161 06, Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czechia.
Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, CZ-165 00, Prague 6 - Suchdol, Czechia.
Microb Ecol. 2023 May;85(4):1527-1540. doi: 10.1007/s00248-022-02072-y. Epub 2022 Jul 16.
Arthropods can host well-developed microbial communities, and such microbes can degrade pesticides and confer tolerance to most types of pests. Two cultures of the stored-product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae, one with a symbiotic microbiome containing Wolbachia and the other without Wolbachia, were compared on pesticide residue (organophosphate: pirimiphos-methyl and pyrethroid: deltamethrin, deltamethrin + piperonyl butoxide)-containing diets. The microbiomes from mite bodies, mite feces and debris from the spent mite diet were analyzed using barcode sequencing. Pesticide tolerance was different among mite cultures and organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides. The pesticide residues influenced the microbiome composition in both cultures but without any remarkable trend for mite cultures with and without Wolbachia. The most influenced bacterial taxa were Bartonella-like and Bacillus for both cultures and Wolbachia for the culture containing this symbiont. However, there was no direct evidence of any effect of Wolbachia on pesticide tolerance. The high pesticide concentration residues in diets reduced Wolbachia, Bartonella-like and Bacillus in mites of the symbiotic culture. This effect was low for Bartonella-like and Bacillus in the asymbiotic microbiome culture. The results showed that the microbiomes of mites are affected by pesticide residues in the diets, but the effect is not systemic. No actual detoxification effect by the microbiome was observed for the tested pesticides.
节肢动物可以容纳发育良好的微生物群落，这些微生物能够降解农药并使大多数害虫产生耐受性。在含有农药残留（有机磷酸酯类：甲基嘧啶磷和拟除虫菊酯类：溴氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯+胡椒基丁醚）的饲料上，对储粮螨腐食酪螨的两种培养物进行了比较，一种培养物含有共生微生物群落且带有沃尔巴克氏体，另一种则没有沃尔巴克氏体。使用条形码测序分析了螨体、螨粪便以及用过的螨饲料残渣中的微生物群落。不同螨培养物以及有机磷酸酯类和拟除虫菊酯类农药之间的农药耐受性存在差异。农药残留影响了两种培养物中的微生物群落组成，但对于有和没有沃尔巴克氏体的螨培养物而言，没有任何显著趋势。两种培养物中受影响最大的细菌类群是类巴尔通体属和芽孢杆菌属，而对于含有这种共生体的培养物来说，还有沃尔巴克氏体。然而，没有直接证据表明沃尔巴克氏体对农药耐受性有任何影响。饲料中高浓度的农药残留减少了共生培养物中螨体内的沃尔巴克氏体、类巴尔通体属和芽孢杆菌属。对于非共生微生物群落培养物中的类巴尔通体属和芽孢杆菌属，这种影响较小。结果表明，螨的微生物群落受到饲料中农药残留的影响，但这种影响不具有系统性。对于所测试的农药，未观察到微生物群落有实际的解毒作用。
