Sleep and Circadian Group, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2013 Oct 21;199(8):S16-20. doi: 10.5694/mja13.10912.
Delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) - a circadian rhythm sleep disorder - is most commonly seen in adolescents. The differential diagnosis between DSPD and conventional psychophysiological insomnia is important for correct therapeutic intervention. Adolescent DSPD sleep duration is commonly 9 hours or more. Depression may be comorbid with DSPD. DSPD has a negative impact on adolescent academic performance. DSPD treatments include bright light therapy, chronotherapeutic regimens, and administration of melatonin as a chronobiotic (as distinct from a soporific). Attention to non-photic and extrinsic factors including healthy sleep parameters is also important to enable better sleep and mood outcomes in adolescents.
延迟睡眠期障碍(DSPD)——一种昼夜节律睡眠障碍——最常见于青少年。DSPD 与常规的心理生理性失眠的鉴别诊断对于正确的治疗干预很重要。青少年 DSPD 的睡眠时间通常为 9 小时或更长。抑郁可能与 DSPD 共病。DSPD 对青少年的学业成绩有负面影响。DSPD 的治疗包括亮光疗法、时间疗法方案和褪黑素作为昼夜节律药物(与催眠药不同)的给药。关注非光和外在因素,包括健康的睡眠参数,对于改善青少年的睡眠和情绪也很重要。