Feder Michael A, Baroni Argelinda
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, NYC H+H/Bellevue, New York, NY, USA; Child Study Center, One Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, NYC H+H/Bellevue, New York, NY, USA; Child Study Center, One Park Avenue, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2021 Jan;30(1):159-174. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2020.08.005. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Individuals with delayed sleep phase disorder (DSPD) are unable to naturally fall asleep and awake at conventional times; for this reason, DSPD is often mistaken for insomnia. However, unlike many patients with insomnia, those with DSPD struggle to get up at appropriate times. DSPD is associated with school refusal, academic difficulties, and lower employment rate. DSPD in youth has prevalence as high as 16%, and is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. Treatments include appropriate light exposure during the day, melatonin use, developing an evening routine that minimizes arousal-increasing activities, and gradually shifting sleep-wake times toward more functional ones.
患有延迟睡眠相位障碍（DSPD）的人无法在常规时间自然入睡和醒来；因此，DSPD常被误诊为失眠。然而，与许多失眠患者不同的是，患有DSPD的人难以在适当的时间起床。DSPD与拒绝上学、学业困难和较低的就业率有关。青少年中的DSPD患病率高达16%，且常与其他精神障碍共病。治疗方法包括白天适当的光照暴露、使用褪黑素、制定能尽量减少增加唤醒活动的夜间常规作息，以及逐渐将睡眠-觉醒时间调整为更具功能性的时间。
