Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
Theriogenology. 2014 Jan 15;81(2):266-74. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.09.024. Epub 2013 Oct 18.
Estradiol-17β (E2) is a potent regulator of early pregnancy and the estrous cycle in pigs. Production of E2 occurs in the porcine myometrium, but the factors involved in its regulation are unknown. In this in vitro study, it was investigated whether interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α affect the release of E2 from the porcine myometrium on Days 10 to 11, 12 to 13, and 15 to 16 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. The expression of the cytochrome P450 family 19 (CYP19) gene and the presence of the aromatase cytochrome P450 protein in the myometrium confirmed the ability of the tissue to produce E2. In gravid pigs, the expression of IL1RI mRNA and IL6R mRNA was markedly increased on Days 15 to 16 of gestation, whereas TNFRI mRNA was increased on Days 10 to 11 of gestation. In cyclic pigs, the expression of myometrial IL1RI mRNA did not differ among the studied days, although the expression of IL6R and TNFRI mRNAs was increased on Days 15 to 16. In gravid pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increased myometrial E2 secretion on Days 15 to 16 but did not affect E2 release on Days 10 to 11 and 12 to 13 of pregnancy. In cyclic pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α did not increase myometrial E2 release. In conclusion, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α affected myometrial E2 release in a manner that is dependent on the physiologic status of the female. The porcine myometrium expresses IL1RI, IL6R, and TNFRI genes and is the target tissue for IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In gravid pigs, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α may increase myometrial release of E2 in vitro specifically on Days 15 to 16 of pregnancy. These findings may be of interest to researchers using pigs as an animal model for fetal programming.
雌二醇-17β（E2）是调节猪早期妊娠和发情周期的重要物质。E2 是在猪的子宫肌中产生的，但调节其产生的因素尚不清楚。在这项离体研究中，我们研究了白细胞介素（IL）-1β、IL-6 和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α 是否会影响妊娠第 10 天至 11 天、第 12 天至 13 天和第 15 天至 16 天以及发情周期时猪子宫肌释放 E2。细胞色素 P450 家族 19（CYP19）基因的表达和子宫肌中芳香化酶细胞色素 P450 蛋白的存在证实了组织产生 E2 的能力。在妊娠母猪中，IL1RI mRNA 和 IL6R mRNA 的表达在妊娠第 15 天至 16 天明显增加，而 TNFRI mRNA 的表达在妊娠第 10 天至 11 天增加。在发情周期母猪中，研究期间，子宫肌 IL1RI mRNA 的表达没有差异，尽管 IL6R 和 TNFRI mRNA 的表达在第 15 天至 16 天增加。在妊娠母猪中，IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 增加了妊娠第 15 天至 16 天子宫肌 E2 的分泌，但对妊娠第 10 天至 11 天和第 12 天至 13 天的 E2 释放没有影响。在发情周期母猪中，IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 没有增加子宫肌 E2 的释放。总之，IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 以依赖于雌性生理状态的方式影响子宫肌 E2 的释放。猪的子宫肌表达 IL1RI、IL6R 和 TNFRI 基因，是 IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 的靶组织。在妊娠母猪中，IL-1β、IL-6 和 TNF-α 可能会在体外特异性地增加妊娠第 15 天至 16 天子宫肌 E2 的释放。这些发现可能对使用猪作为胎儿编程动物模型的研究人员有兴趣。
