Bondy S C
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1985;14(4):381-402. doi: 10.3109/10408448509037462.
In recent years, there has been much impetus toward a definition of behavior in terms of underlying biological events. Such correlations have been attempted in several areas ranging from learning and memory to neurological disease. Increased information concerning the relation between behavior and neurobiological mechanisms is especially important in the area of neurotoxicology. It is often abnormal behavior that is a first sign of exposure to a neurotoxic agent and such changes may give clues as to the anatomical or chemical sites of attack on the nervous system. These clues might also lead to the development of a therapeutic treatment as to the development of tests designed to reveal exposure to a toxic agent at levels below those causing gross behavioral change. Unfortunately, there is a relatively small amount of literature reporting on both behavioral and biological disturbances caused by a toxic agent in the same experimental animal. However, a variety of methodological advances combined with a growing interest in neurotoxicology is gradually changing this. Increased information concerning the role of defined nerve pathways and the means of action of their chemical constituents offers an opportunity to bring about a deepening understanding of neurotoxic events. This review will suggest how new pharmacological findings can be applied to neurotoxicology. Examples of human and animal exposure to toxic materials will be used and current problems will be shown to be major determinants of future research directions.
近年来，人们大力推动从潜在生物事件的角度来定义行为。从学习与记忆到神经疾病等多个领域都进行了此类相关性研究。在神经毒理学领域，有关行为与神经生物学机制之间关系的信息不断增加尤为重要。异常行为往往是接触神经毒性剂的首个迹象，此类变化可能为神经系统受攻击的解剖学或化学部位提供线索。这些线索还可能有助于开发治疗方法以及设计测试，以揭示在低于导致明显行为变化水平时接触毒性剂的情况。不幸的是，相对较少有文献报道同一实验动物中由毒性剂引起的行为和生物紊乱情况。然而，各种方法学的进步以及对神经毒理学兴趣的不断增加正在逐渐改变这种状况。关于特定神经通路的作用及其化学成分作用方式的信息不断增加，为深入理解神经毒性事件提供了契机。本综述将阐述新的药理学研究成果如何应用于神经毒理学。将列举人类和动物接触有毒物质的实例，并指出当前问题是未来研究方向的主要决定因素。
