欧洲赤松和丁香罗勒精油对蚊子的杀幼虫效力及化学成分
Larvicidal efficacies and chemical composition of essential oils of Pinus sylvestris and Syzygium aromaticum against mosquitoes.
作者信息
Fayemiwo Kehinde Adenike, Adeleke Monsuru Adebayo, Okoro Ovie Princewill, Awojide Shola Hezekiah, Awoniyi Ilias Olufemi
机构信息
Department of Chemical Sciences, Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria.
出版信息
Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2014 Jan;4(1):30-4. doi: 10.1016/S2221-1691(14)60204-5.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the chemical composition and mosquito larvicidal potentials of essential oils of locally sourced Pinus sylvestris (P. sylvestris) and Syzygium aromaticum (S. aromaticum) against Aedes aegypti (A. aegypti) and Culex quinquefasciatus (C. quinquefasciatus).
METHODS
The chemical composition of the essential oils of both plants was determined using GC-MS while the larvicidal bioassay was carried out using different concentrations of the oils against the larvae of A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus in accordance with the standard protocol.
RESULTS
The results as determined by GC-MS showed that oil of S. aromaticum has eugenol (80.5%) as its principal constituent while P. sylvestris has 3-Cyclohexene-1-methanol, .alpha., .alpha.4-trimethyl (27.1%) as its dominant constituent. Both oils achieved over 85% larval mortality within 24 h. The larvae of A. aegypti were more susceptible to the oils [LC50 (S. aromaticum)=92.56 mg/L, LC50(P. sylvestris)=100.39 mg/L] than C. quinquefasciatus [LC50(S. aromaticum)=124.42 mg/L; LC50(P. sylvestris)=128.00 mg/L]. S. aromaticum oil was more toxic to the mosquito larvae than oil of P. sylvestris but the difference in lethal concentrations was insignificant (P>0.05).
CONCLUSION
The results justify the larvicidal potentials of both essential oils and the need to incorporate them in vector management and control.
目的
评估本地来源的欧洲赤松（Pinus sylvestris）和丁香（Syzygium aromaticum）精油对埃及伊蚊（Aedes aegypti）和致倦库蚊（Culex quinquefasciatus）的化学成分及杀蚊幼虫潜力。
方法
采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）测定两种植物精油的化学成分，同时按照标准方案，使用不同浓度的精油对埃及伊蚊和致倦库蚊幼虫进行杀幼虫生物测定。
结果
GC - MS测定结果表明，丁香油的主要成分是丁香酚（80.5%），而欧洲赤松精油的主要成分是3 - 环己烯 - 1 - 甲醇，α，α，4 - 三甲基（27.1%）。两种精油在24小时内均使幼虫死亡率超过85%。埃及伊蚊幼虫比致倦库蚊幼虫对精油更敏感[LC50（丁香油）= 92.56 mg/L，LC50（欧洲赤松精油）= 100.39 mg/L] 对比 [LC50（丁香油）= 124.42 mg/L；LC50（欧洲赤松精油）= 128.00 mg/L]。丁香油对蚊虫幼虫的毒性比欧洲赤松精油更大，但致死浓度差异不显著（P>0.05）。
结论
结果证明了两种精油的杀幼虫潜力以及将它们纳入病媒管理和控制的必要性。
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