Kiau Bo Bee, Kau Jasvindar, Nainu Balkish Mohadir, Omar Mohd Azahadi, Saleh Mohmad, Keong Yau Weng, Hock Lim Kuang
Pejabat Kesihatan Daerah Klang, KK Bandar Botanik, Blok A, Jalan Langat, Bandar Botanic, Selangor 41200 Klang, Malaysia.
Med J Malaysia. 2013 Aug;68(4):332-7.
The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among the elderly population in Malaysia.
Analysis of secondary data from a cross-sectional national population based survey using stratified multistage sampling conducted from April to August 2006 throughout Malaysia National Health and Morbidity Survey III(NHMS III). Adults aged 60 and older who had participated in the survey were included in the study.
A total of 4954 respondents (14.3%) were elderly from the 34,539 respondents aged 18 years and above for hypertension module in NHMS III. A total of 4933 elderly had their blood pressure examined (giving a response rate of 99.6%). The overall prevalence of hypertension among elderly was 74.0%, more in elderly female (77.4%) than men (70.1%). Only 49.3% of them were aware of their hypertensive status, 42.4% were currently treated and 22.6% of those being treated were under control. The results of multiple logistic regression showed factors associated with higher awareness and treatment rates were similar i.e. females, young-old age group (age 60-74), urban residents, Chinese ethnic group and higher education. For those elderly who were on treatment, determinants associated with controlled hypertension were Chinese and Indians ethnic groups and higher educational level.
There was a high prevalence of hypertension among the elderly in Malaysia but with poor awareness, treatment and control rate. Reliable information on these aspects is important for the development of patient education programs, health policies to improve disease management and overall health care resource allocation especially among the elderly in Malaysia.
本研究的目的是确定马来西亚老年人群中高血压知晓、治疗和控制的患病率及相关因素。
对2006年4月至8月在马来西亚全国范围内采用分层多阶段抽样进行的横断面全国人口调查的二手数据进行分析，即第三次全国健康与发病率调查（NHMS III）。纳入参与调查的60岁及以上成年人。
在NHMS III高血压模块中，34539名18岁及以上的受访者中，共有4954名（14.3%）为老年人。共有4933名老年人接受了血压检查（应答率为99.6%）。老年人中高血压的总体患病率为74.0%，老年女性（77.4%）高于男性（70.1%）。其中只有49.3%的人知晓自己的高血压状况，42.4%的人正在接受治疗，接受治疗的人中22.6%血压得到控制。多元逻辑回归结果显示，与较高知晓率和治疗率相关的因素相似，即女性、年轻老年组（60 - 74岁）、城市居民、华裔和较高教育水平。对于正在接受治疗的老年人，与血压得到控制相关的决定因素是华裔和印度裔以及较高的教育水平。
马来西亚老年人中高血压患病率很高，但知晓率、治疗率和控制率较低。关于这些方面的可靠信息对于制定患者教育计划、改善疾病管理的卫生政策以及总体医疗保健资源分配非常重要，尤其是在马来西亚的老年人中。
