a Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany.
Cogn Emot. 2014 Apr;28(3):452-69. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2013.837378. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
Results from studies on gender differences in emotion recognition vary, depending on the types of emotion and the sensory modalities used for stimulus presentation. This makes comparability between different studies problematic. This study investigated emotion recognition of healthy participants (N = 84; 40 males; ages 20 to 70 years), using dynamic stimuli, displayed by two genders in three different sensory modalities (auditory, visual, audio-visual) and five emotional categories. The participants were asked to categorise the stimuli on the basis of their nonverbal emotional content (happy, alluring, neutral, angry, and disgusted). Hit rates and category selection biases were analysed. Women were found to be more accurate in recognition of emotional prosody. This effect was partially mediated by hearing loss for the frequency of 8,000 Hz. Moreover, there was a gender-specific selection bias for alluring stimuli: Men, as compared to women, chose "alluring" more often when a stimulus was presented by a woman as compared to a man.
研究结果表明，情绪识别存在性别差异，这取决于所使用的情绪类型和刺激呈现的感觉模式。这使得不同研究之间的可比性成为问题。本研究使用动态刺激，由两种性别在三种不同的感觉模式（听觉、视觉、视听）和五个情绪类别中展示，调查了健康参与者（N=84；40 名男性；年龄 20 至 70 岁）的情绪识别。参与者被要求根据非言语情绪内容（快乐、迷人、中性、愤怒和厌恶）对刺激进行分类。分析了击中率和类别选择偏差。女性在识别情绪韵律方面更为准确。这种效果部分通过 8000 Hz 频率的听力损失来介导。此外，对于迷人的刺激存在性别特异性的选择偏差：与女性相比，当刺激由女性呈现而不是男性呈现时，男性比女性更频繁地选择“迷人”。
