Cobrin A R, Blois S L, Kruth S A, Abrams-Ogg A C G, Dewey C
Ontario Veterinary College Department of Clinical Studies, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada, N1G 2W1.
J Small Anim Pract. 2013 Dec;54(12):647-55. doi: 10.1111/jsap.12150. Epub 2013 Oct 24.
In both human and veterinary medicine, diagnosing and staging renal disease can be difficult. Measurement of glomerular filtration rate is considered the gold standard for assessing renal function but methods for its assessment can be technically challenging and impractical. The main parameters used to diagnose acute and chronic kidney disease include circulating creatinine and urea concentrations, and urine-specific gravity. However, these parameters can be insensitive. Therefore, there is a need for better methods to diagnose and monitor patients with renal disease. The use of renal biomarkers is increasing in human and veterinary medicine for the diagnosis and monitoring of acute and chronic kidney diseases. An ideal biomarker would identify site and severity of injury, and correlate with renal function, among other qualities. This article will review the advantages and limitations of renal biomarkers that have been used in dogs and cats, as well as some markers used in humans that may be adapted for veterinary use. In the future, measuring a combination of biomarkers will likely be a useful approach in the diagnosis of kidney disorders.
在人类医学和兽医学中，诊断肾脏疾病并确定其分期都可能具有挑战性。肾小球滤过率的测量被认为是评估肾功能的金标准，但其评估方法在技术上可能具有挑战性且不切实际。用于诊断急性和慢性肾病的主要参数包括循环中的肌酐和尿素浓度以及尿比重。然而，这些参数可能并不敏感。因此，需要更好的方法来诊断和监测肾病患者。在人类医学和兽医学中，肾脏生物标志物在急性和慢性肾病的诊断和监测中的应用正在增加。理想的生物标志物应能识别损伤部位和严重程度，并与肾功能等其他指标相关联。本文将综述已用于犬猫的肾脏生物标志物的优缺点，以及一些可适用于兽医领域的人类生物标志物。未来，测量多种生物标志物的组合可能是诊断肾脏疾病的一种有用方法。
