Long-term reorganization of afferents to the mediobasal hypothalamus following retrochiasmatic knife cuts. A study using horseradish peroxidase.

Retrochiasmatic knife cuts produce a series of dynamic changes across time in the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and catecholamine content of the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH). We have examined the sources of afferents projecting to the mediobasal hypothalamus of female rats at 7, 60 and 90 days following retrochiasmatic frontal cut (FC) surgery using the intra-axonal retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in order to better define the functional plasticity demonstrated by the MBH at these time periods after damage. Age-matched, previously unoperated, female rats served as controls. Small HRP injections placed in the ventromedial nucleus (VMN) in control animals labelled neurons within the VMN, dorsomedial nucleus (DMN) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA). Larger injections also labelled neurons in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), preoptic area (POA), septal nuclei, periventricular nuclei (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON), zona incerta (ZI) and suprachiasmatic nucleus (Schn). Seven days after surgery, no labelled neurons could be detected rostral to the knife cut when the injection site was confined to the boundary of the glial scar. At 60 days, labelled soma were observed in LPOA, POA, AHA, PVN, SON and ZI. At 90 days only the SON contained labelled neurons rostral to the knife cut. These results suggest a dynamically changing pattern of innervation to the MBH following damage.