Azaroual Mohammed Faouzi, Fikri Meriem, Abouqal Redouan, Benyahya Hicham, Zaoui Fatima
Service d'odontologie, hôpital militaire d'instruction Mohamed V, avenue des FAR-Hay-Riad, 10100 Rabat, Morocco.
Service de neuro-radiologie, hôpital des spécialités ONO, CHU de Rabat-Salé, BP, 6444 Rabat, Morocco.
Int Orthod. 2014 Mar;12(1):111-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ortho.2013.09.001. Epub 2013 Oct 21.
The masticatory muscles play an important part in determining the morphology of the facial skeleton. Skeletal typology and the characteristics of the masticatory muscles are closely linked. Several authors have studied muscle characteristics as related to facial typology. The aim of this work is to study the relationship between vertical and transverse skeletal dimensions and the dimensions (length, width and thickness) of two muscles of mastication, the masseter and the lateral pterygoid.
Our study was based on CT-scan examinations of a sample composed of patients consulting the X-ray department of the Rabat-Salé Teaching Hospital, and for whom a CT-scan had been requested. Forty CT examinations of the skull, performed in the context of sinus explorations or pre-surgical work-ups in the radiology department of the Rabat-Salé Teaching Hospital, were selected for this study. The sample comprised 19 women and 21 men aged between 20 and 45, with a mean of 40.9 ± 12.8. A Siemens 32-row 64-slice spiral CT-scan device was used for spiral acquisition of data around the facial bones, with the mouth closed. The study was carried out in the parenchymal window for the muscle measurements, in the axial and coronal planes. Bone measurements were performed after 3D reconstruction in VRT mode.
Our study showed that, for the masseter muscle, thickness is the dimension that correlates significantly with skeletal dimensions in the vertical, transverse and sagittal directions. For the lateral pterygoid muscle, length and width both present significant correlations with transverse skeletal dimensions. Analysis of these results shows that the dimensional characteristics of the masticatory muscles vary according to the vertical and transverse skeletal typology of the subjects concerned.
咀嚼肌在决定面部骨骼形态方面起着重要作用。骨骼类型学与咀嚼肌的特征密切相关。几位作者研究了与面部类型学相关的肌肉特征。这项工作的目的是研究垂直和横向骨骼尺寸与两块咀嚼肌（咬肌和翼外肌）的尺寸（长度、宽度和厚度）之间的关系。
我们的研究基于对拉巴特 - 萨勒教学医院放射科就诊患者样本的CT扫描检查，这些患者均被要求进行CT扫描。本研究选取了在拉巴特 - 萨勒教学医院放射科进行鼻窦探查或术前检查时所做的40例颅骨CT检查。样本包括19名女性和21名男性，年龄在20至45岁之间，平均年龄为40.9±12.8岁。使用西门子32排64层螺旋CT扫描设备在闭嘴状态下对面部骨骼进行螺旋数据采集。研究在实质窗中进行肌肉测量，测量平面为轴向和冠状面。骨骼测量在VRT模式下进行三维重建后进行。
我们的研究表明，对于咬肌，厚度是在垂直、横向和矢状方向上与骨骼尺寸显著相关的维度。对于翼外肌，长度和宽度均与横向骨骼尺寸存在显著相关性。对这些结果的分析表明，咀嚼肌的尺寸特征因相关受试者的垂直和横向骨骼类型而异。
