Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Evidence Based Practice, Department of Rehabilitation, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Expert Rev Neurother. 2013 Dec;13(12):1303-8. doi: 10.1586/14737175.2013.839231. Epub 2013 Oct 25.
Postural instability, one of the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), has devastating consequences for affected patients. Better strategies to prevent falls are needed, but this calls for an improved understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying postural instability. We must also improve our ability to timely identify patients at risk of falling. Dynamic posturography is a promising avenue to achieve these goals. The latest moveable platforms can deliver 'real-life' balance perturbations, permitting study of everyday fall circumstances. Dynamic posturography studies have shown that PD patients have fundamental problems in scaling their postural responses in accordance with the need of the actual balance task at hand. On-going studies evaluate the predictive ability of impaired posturography performance for daily life falls. We also review recent work aimed at exploring balance correcting steps in PD, and the presumed interaction between startle pathways and postural responses.
姿势不稳是帕金森病（PD）的主要症状之一，给患者带来了灾难性的后果。需要更好的预防跌倒策略，但这需要我们更好地理解导致姿势不稳的复杂机制。我们还必须提高及时识别有跌倒风险的患者的能力。动态姿势描记术是实现这些目标的一个很有前途的途径。最新的可移动平台可以提供“现实生活”的平衡干扰，从而可以研究日常跌倒情况。动态姿势描记术研究表明，PD 患者在根据手头实际平衡任务的需要调整姿势反应方面存在根本问题。正在进行的研究评估了姿势描记术表现受损对日常生活中跌倒的预测能力。我们还回顾了最近旨在探索 PD 中的平衡校正步骤以及惊跳途径和姿势反应之间假定相互作用的工作。
