1 Division of Reproductive Health , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia .
J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2014 Feb;23(2):120-8. doi: 10.1089/jwh.2013.4438. Epub 2013 Oct 26.
Population-based estimates of prevalence of anxiety and comorbid depression are lacking. Therefore, we estimated the prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anxiety and comorbid depressive symptoms in a population-based sample of women.
Using multinomial logistic regression, we examined the prevalence and risk factors for postpartum anxiety and depressive symptoms using 2009-2010 data from the Illinois and Maryland Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a population-based survey of mothers who gave birth to live infants. Survey participants are asked validated screening questions on anxiety and depressive symptoms.
Among 4451 postpartum women, 18.0% reported postpartum anxiety symptoms, of whom 35% reported postpartum depressive symptoms (6.3% overall). In the multivariable model, higher numbers of stressors during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] range: 1.3-9.7) and delivering an infant at ≤27 weeks gestation (aOR range: 2.0-5.7) were associated with postpartum anxiety and postpartum depressive symptoms, experienced individually or together. Smoking throughout pregnancy was associated with postpartum anxiety symptoms only (aOR=2.3) and comorbid anxiety and depressive symptoms (aOR=2.9).
Given the possible adverse effects of postpartum anxiety and comorbid depression on maternal health and infant development, clinicians should be aware of the substantial prevalence, comorbidity, and risk factors for both conditions and facilitate identification, referral, and/or treatment.
目前缺乏基于人群的焦虑症患病率和合并抑郁障碍的相关数据。因此，我们使用基于人群的伊利诺伊州和马里兰州妊娠风险评估监测系统 2009-2010 年的数据，对产后焦虑症及合并抑郁症状的患病率和相关危险因素进行了评估，该系统是一项对分娩活婴的母亲进行的基于人群的调查。调查参与者会被问到关于焦虑和抑郁症状的经过验证的筛查问题。
使用多项逻辑回归，我们使用 2009-2010 年来自伊利诺伊州和马里兰州妊娠风险评估监测系统的数据，对产后焦虑症和抑郁症状的患病率和危险因素进行了研究，该系统是一项对分娩活婴的母亲进行的基于人群的调查。调查参与者会被问到关于焦虑和抑郁症状的经过验证的筛查问题。
在 4451 名产后女性中，18.0%报告了产后焦虑症状，其中 35%报告了产后抑郁症状（总体为 6.3%）。在多变量模型中，妊娠期间的应激源数量较多（调整后的优势比范围：1.3-9.7）和在 27 周妊娠分娩（调整后的优势比范围：2.0-5.7）与产后焦虑症和产后抑郁症状相关，无论是单独出现还是共同出现。整个孕期吸烟仅与产后焦虑症状（调整后的优势比=2.3）和焦虑合并抑郁症状（调整后的优势比=2.9）相关。
鉴于产后焦虑症和合并抑郁障碍对产妇健康和婴儿发育可能产生的不良影响，临床医生应该意识到这两种疾病的高患病率、合并率和危险因素，并促进其识别、转介和/或治疗。
