Ahola Kirsi, Salminen Simo, Toppinen-Tanner Salla, Koskinen Aki, Väänänen Aki
Development of Work and Work Organizations, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.
J Occup Health. 2013;55(6):450-7. doi: 10.1539/joh.13-0021-oa. Epub 2013 Oct 26.
Burnout is a psychological consequence of prolonged work stress. Studies have shown that it is related to physical and mental disorders. The safety outcomes of burnout have been studied to a lesser extent and only in the work context. This study explored the effect of burnout on future severe injuries regardless of their context.
A total of 10,062 forest industry employees (77% men, 63% manual workers) without previous injuries participated in 1996 or 2000 in the "Still Working" study examining the work-related antecedents of health and mortality. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Injuries leading to death or hospitalization were regarded as severe. We extracted such injuries from independent national registers. The relationship between burnout and new injuries was analyzed using Cox proportional regression. The analyses were adjusted for age, sex, marital status, and occupational status.
There were 788 new injuries over eight years. Injuries were more common among male and manual workers. After adjustments, each one-unit increase in the burnout score was related to a 9% increase in the risk of injury (95% confidence interval: 1.2-1.17). Experiencing symptoms at least monthly was related to a 1.18-fold adjusted injury risk (95% CI: 1.2-1.36). Of the subscales of burnout, exhaustion and cynicism but not lack of professional efficacy predicted injuries after adjustments.
In addition to mental and physical disorders, burnout predicts severe injuries. Developing work conditions and optimizing workload may enhance safety and decrease health expenses related to all injuries.
职业倦怠是长期工作压力导致的心理后果。研究表明，它与身心障碍有关。职业倦怠对安全结果的影响在较小程度上得到了研究，且仅在工作环境中进行了研究。本研究探讨了职业倦怠对未来严重伤害的影响，无论其发生背景如何。
共有10062名此前未受过伤的林业行业员工（77%为男性，63%为体力劳动者）于1996年或2000年参与了“仍在工作”研究，该研究调查了与健康和死亡率相关的工作前因。使用马氏职业倦怠量表通用版评估职业倦怠。导致死亡或住院的伤害被视为严重伤害。我们从独立的国家登记册中提取此类伤害。使用Cox比例回归分析职业倦怠与新伤害之间的关系。分析对年龄、性别、婚姻状况和职业状况进行了调整。
在八年时间里有788起新伤害事件。伤害在男性和体力劳动者中更为常见。调整后，职业倦怠得分每增加一个单位，受伤风险增加9%（95%置信区间：1.2 - 1.17）。至少每月出现症状与调整后的受伤风险增加1.18倍相关（95%置信区间：1.2 - 1.36）。在职业倦怠的各个子量表中，调整后，疲惫和玩世不恭而非缺乏职业效能可预测伤害。
除了身心障碍外，职业倦怠还可预测严重伤害。改善工作条件和优化工作量可能会提高安全性，并降低与所有伤害相关的医疗费用。
